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PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF
W ASHINGTON
Volume 73
OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1971
RRCSIAC TL emma err tile ras Piel ee A IE Ie ee Edson J. Hambleton RBRESIUCIE= Ee Ct meee eee EN de Se See Curtis W. Sabrosky TRA a VN SYST AIT pV elas Ee ele OE Sea ed Ne Ra EE ind Dewey M. Caron Conmespmondiuie SCCTeCANGnt st 22 ose we David R. Smith SR CESUUNC Tagen ae wre Fn PEN Be NI ee Theodore J. Spilman iLO penne) eee SEATS APM 2 ob Rte od Paul M. Marsh CSE OCEAN rater Wtahie sks SNE) Weg ay a RG» 2 Robert D. Gordon ProgramiGommitiee Ghawman 222 ss ee F. Eugene Wood Membership Committee Chairman __.....---.-— H. Ivan Rainwater Delegate to the Washington Academy of Sciences Reece I. Sailer
PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY WASHINGTON, D.C. 1971
TABLE OF CONTENTS, VOLUME 73
ANDERSON, D. M.—Oligocaricis Lea a synonym of Smicronyx Schoenherr (Goleoptera:.4C@urculiomidacy) 522 eee eee ee eee ANDERSON, D. M.—Observations on the larva of Hypera exima (LeConte ) (Coleoptera Curenlionidac), 22 == Ss ee eee ARANDA C., B. R. and C. H. W. FLECHTMANN—A report on the Tetra- nychidacxot Paraguay. (Acarina)))- <== ee ee eee BICK, G. H. and J. C. BICK—Localization, behavior, and spacing of un- paired males of the damselfly, Argia plana Calvert (Odonata: Coenagrion- (Uy) i ete. A. ea ee ee ae ee eS ee BICK, J. C.—see BICK, G. H. BLAKE, D. H.—Fifteen new West Indian chrysomelid beetles BLANCHARD, A.—Notes on three species of Heterocampa Doubleday with description of a new species (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) —__________- BLANCHARD, A.—A new species of the genus Ursia Barnes & McDunnough Gi-epidoptera:. INotodontidae). 22. i a BLANTON, F. S.—see WIRTH, W. W. BURKS, B. D.—The Nearctic species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Hulopnidae)) «2! See. hee eh ae ee BURKS, B. D.—A new Pediobius parasitic on a thrips (Hymenoptera: nlophiGdae i) Ae ae ee oa 2 Be es ee ee ee BURKS, B. D.—The name Tetrastichus incertus (Ratzeburg) as employed for an introduced parasite of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal ) (Eiymenoptera:,E ulephidac)) =e ee ee CAGAMPANG-RAMOS, A.—see DARSIE, R. F., Jr. CORNELL, J. F.—New records of Staphylinidae from North Carolina (Goleaptera’) 5 te sete eS cee ae ee CRABILL, R. E., Jr.—A new Ballophilus from the Philippines (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Ballophilidae) = = ee eee CROSSLEY, D. A., Jr.—see LINZEY, D. W. DARSIE, R. F., Jr. and A. CAGAMPANG-RAMOS—A subspecies of Anoph- eles new to the Philippine Islands (Diptera: Culicidae) DeCOURSEY, R. M.—Keys to the families and subfamilies of the nymphs of North, Amencan Hemiptera-Heteroptera) + = See DONDERO, L. and F. R. SHAW—The overwintering of some muscoidean Diptera in the Amherst area of Massachusetts = ee EDMUNDS, G. F., Jr.—A new name for a subgeneric homonym in Ephem- erella (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) ___._--_----—-------------------------- EMERSON, K. C. and R. D. PRICE—A new species of Pelmatocerandra from a diving petrel (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) ----.---_----_- EMERSON, K. C. and R. D. PRICE—Three new species of Mallophaga from Atmcan mammals (irichodectidae) ENARI, L.—see LEONARD, M. D. FISK, F. W.—An annotated check list of Costa Rican cockroaches ( Dictyop- tera® -Blattaria)) ee eos Se ee FLECHTMANN, C. H. W.—see ARANDA C.,, B. R. FLINT, O. S., Jr.—see KNUTSON, L. V.
ii
63
LEP
29
146
FROESCHNER, R. C.—Nabis propinquus Reuter ranges southward into Manylanda\(/emipteras: (Nabidae)) a2: <2 ee ee se GAGNE, R. J.—Two new species of North American Neolasioptera from Baccharis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae—Compositae) — GAGNE, R. J.—Taxonomic notes on two racemicolous gall-makers on Sol- idago spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae—Compositae) — GRABOWSKI, W. B.—A new genus of oribatid mite (Cryptostigmata: @nibatellidge) Bete Ans | sweltenim Ae A ee) a Dl Pec ee Ee be GRIGARICK, A. A. GURNEY, A. B.—North American grasshoppers of the genus Argiacris, in- cluding two new species from Idaho (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantop- ITC) Me eeRR Ne be te! Ser kee ee eA 2 ee EN eS HARDY, A. R. , H. F. HERRING, J. L.—A new species of Rhinacloa from palo verde and ocotillo in the western U. S. (Hemiptera: Miridae) 222 HORNING, D. S., Jr.—New hymenopteran enemies of Anthidiwm macu- losum Cresson (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) _....--___-=_ HOWDEN, H. F.—Key to the New World Cremastocheilini, with notes and description of a new genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) HOWDEN, H. F. and A. R. HARDY—Generic placement and adult be- havior of the genus Leptohoplia Saylor (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) — HUANG, Y.-M.—A redescription of Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris ma- layensis Colless and the differentiation of the larva from that of Aedes (S.) albopictus) (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) == 2 ee Se HULL, F. M.—A new genus and new species of bee flies (Diptera: IFS Coax ny LTT Clea ey) ee ee See ne eee ne ee JAMES, M. T.—Two new species of Phaenicia from the West Indies (Dip- erence mmCrctl np yENORIGE AG) see cater ee OER OR en See ee KNOWLTON, G. F.—see SMITH, C. F. KNUTSON, L. V.—Trachysphyrus nigricornis (Brullé), prey of Araiopogon gayi (Macquart) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae—Diptera: Asilidae) —_ KNUTSON, L. V. and O. S. FLINT, Jr.—Pupae of Empididae in pupal cocoons of Rhyacophilidae and Glossosomatidae (Diptera—Trichoptera) _ KORMILEV, N. A.—Key to American species of the genus Mezira (Hemip- tera ypATAGIGAG ip oak es SL ee ee KORYTKOWSKI, C. A.—A new cecidogenous species of the genus Poly- morphomyia Snow (Diptera: Tephritidae) KRAMER, J. P.—North American deltocephaline leafhoppers of the genus Amblysellus Sleesman (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) KRAMER, J. P.—North American deltocephaline leafhoppers of the genus Amplicephalus DeLong with a new genus and new generic combinations (Homoptera Cicadellidae:)r2 a2 oean oe Ee es ee ok KRAMER, J. P.—North American deltocephaline leafhoppers of the genus Planicephalus with new generic segregates from Deltocephalus (Homop- teraraCicade lid ae) nate ae ee eee Pee KURCZEWSKI, F. E.—A new Rachoepher from Florida, with keys to the males and females of the Florida species (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: IB Arr VE) ese Ant ok een ee Rg TE eR Sees I AS as [2 | 2
292.
255
LEONARD, M. D.—Records of aphids collected in Newfoundland (Homop- tera: (Aphididae); aot upbis She a ied oa ee ee eed LEONARD, M. D., H. G. WALKER and L. ENARI—Host plants of Aphis gossypii at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, Arcadia, Cali- forma: (Homoptera: eApmididac)) sae eek S Sale eae oe LEONARD, M. D., H. G. WALKER and L. ENARI—Host plants of three polyphagous and widely distributed aphids in the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, Arcadia, California (Homoptera: Aphididae) — LEONARD, M. D., H. G. WALKER and L. ENARI—Host plants of Toxop- tera aurantii at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, Arcadia, Californias Homoptera: = Ap hididac)) 215 ke eae ee es Se ee LINZEY, D. W. and D. A. CROSSLEY, Jr.—A new species of Laelaps from the lemming mouse, Synaptomys cooperi (Acarina: Laelapidae) MALDONADO-CAPRILES, J.—Platybasicornis ramosi, a new Neotropical genus and species (Hemiptera: Miridae: Hyaliodini) MALDONADO-CAPRILES, J.—About Idiocerinae leafhoppers: V. Balcano- cerus, a new genus for Chunrocerus balcanicus Zakhvatkin, 1946 (Homop- tera: Cicadellidae)),, <-4stc<0h<. oan Mat be) ene lA ede a et
MASON, W. R. M.—see PAYNE, J. A.
McFADDEN, M. W.—A note on the synonymy of Antissops denticulata Hnderleint (@Dipteras.Stratiomyidae))) == 22s as Aa ee
McFADDEN, M. W.—Synonymies and combinations for Mexican soldier flies Diptera: ’Stratiomyidae))) £4 ..t 222 ans ea oo)
MENDEZ, E.—A new species of the genus Cummingsia Ferris from the Re- public of Colombia (Mallophaga: Trimenoponidae) —
MILLER, D. R.—A redescription of Tessarobelus guerini Montrousier ( Ho- moptera:. Coccoideas, Margarodidae) <5... ee
OMAN, P.—The female of Thatuna gilletti Oman, with biological notes (Homoptera Gicadellidae)) . ee os ee eee
O’NEILL, K.—Chthonothrips nigrocinctus Hood, lectotype designation and description of male (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) —
PAYNE, J. A. and W. R. M. MASON—Hymenoptera associated with pig (Pelt a0) a Vph See i DN Seea e218 yea 8 PS Re AS NS A
PRICE, D. W.—A new species of Pomerantzia Baker from California (Ac- arinamPomerantziidae)) i taken ers eer a eee ee ee
PRICE, R. D.—see EMERSON, K. C.
PRINCIS, K.—see ROTH, L. M.
RAMAKRISHNAN, K.—see RAMALINGAM, S.
RAMALINGAM, S. and K. RAMAKRISHNAN—Redescription of Aedes (Alanstonea) brevitibia (Edwards) from Brunei, Borneo (Diptera: Gulicidae)) 8 ee Die a ieee i rk ee
RATANAWORABHAN, N. C.—see WIRTH, W. W.
ROTH, L. M. and K. PRINCIS—Pseudocalolampra, a new genus of cock- roach: from Africa \(Dictyoptera:, Blaberidac)) = Sa eee
SCHABER, B. D. and F. E. WOOD—A new species of Dioryctria infesting loblolly pine. ( Gepidoptera: Pyralidae)| 2 = = a ee eee
SCHOEPPNER, R. F.—see WHITSEL, R. H.
SCHUSTER, R. O. and A. A. GRIGARICK—Two new species of Echiniscus from the Pacific Northwest (Tardigrada: Echiniscidae)
iv
168
411
231
329
215
SHAW, F. R.—see DONDERO, L. SMITH, C. F.—The life cycle and redescription of Mordvilkoja vagabunda (GHomopteraarApiigrade))- OSs eee eee Ae ee eee a ee SMITH, C. F. and G. F. KNOWLTON—Pleotrichophorus tetradymiae, a new species of aphid from Utah (Homoptera: Aphididae) — SMITH, D. R.—The genus Zadiprion Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae ) SMITH, D. R.—Some sawflies from Pakistan (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae, seNTARe Cini Gace) meee. Sa te). ie ee ee ee BB STAGE, G. I.—Family placement of the African genus Meganomia Cockerell with a review of the included species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) — ~~ STEFFAN, W. A.—North American Sciaridae, II. A new species of Eugno- MISTE ETON AS IDI UGT A) 2 ase ee ee STEYSKAL, G. C.—The species related to Minettia obscura (Loew), with one new species and one new synonym (Diptera: Lauxaniidae) —__- STEYSKAL, G. C.—The subgenus Tritolestes Ghesquiére of the genus Cryp- tochetum Rondani with a new species from Pakistan (Diptera: Cryp- EOC HELLA Cy ere eto i os SE Ro lS ee ee STEYSKAL, G. C.—A note on Camptoprosopella equatorialis Shewell (Dip- es Teeqie mn DEAL ATATTCH AG), 00 ee ess AO deat SES lias he aa re Oh re STEYSKAL, G. C.—Spilochroa geminata Sabrosky a synonym of S. polita C\alloch)i (Diptera: Wrixoscelididae)) 2 ee STEYSKAL, G. C.—A new Central American species of Zacompsia Coquil- lett, with a key to the described species (Diptera: Otitidae) — STEYSKAL, G. C.—The genus Calobatina Enderlein (Diptera: Micropezi- C3 yes)) > tee So aE ees Ree een ee Reels OSPR OND ame Mee yen, Peete) Sd STEYSKAL, G. C.—Notes on the genera Homalomitra Borgmeier, Pycnopota Bezzi, and Sphinctomyia Borgmeier (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) —— STEYSKAL, G. C.—A note on the nominate character of Paracantha dentata Wezel (Dipteras. Lhephittidae)) 2 5 eg ee eee STEYSKAL, G. C.—Delphinia picta (Fabucuene in Central America (Dip- (zeretior OIG HVE) at Re a a pra ee ain tree A Eel Ber Po res STONE, A.—Corrections to Mosquito Catalog Supplements III and [TV —__ SUMMERS, F. M. and R. L. WITT—The gnathosoma of Cheyletus caca- huamilpensis Baker (Acarina: Cheyletidae) — THOMPSON, F. C.—Two new Oriental species of the genus Myolepta Newman (Diptera: SSyrphidae)))\. a a ea THOMPSON, P. H.—Tabanidae of Maryland, Addenda (Diptera) — TOWNES, H.—The application of the name Neoplimpla (Hymenoptera: RTT CTITO INL AC) eee nen at Ay oe Oa Rix Rees er Pek SENS TRAVER, J. R.—Four new species of Neotropical Baetis (Ephemeroptera: [Se yetr (cys) |Meat dS D8 Settles ae cs MON Be e eeeetN tas oe el eae OS WALKER, H. G.—see LEONARD, M. D. WARNER, R. E.—Polydrusus cervinus (L.), a European weevil discovered in North America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) WHEELER, G. C. and J. WHEELER—The larvae of the ant genus Both- roponera \(Elymenoptera:. Formicidae) 2 WHEELER, J.—see WHEELER, G. C. WHITE, R. E.—The status of Lasioderma castaneum Melsheimer and Dorcatoma affinis Boheman (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) —
Vv
386
WHITE, R. E.—New generic synonymy and new combinations in Ano- budaes (Coleoptera) ieisube ne ld oe SEE ae
WHITSEL, R. H. and R. F. SCHOEPPNER—Two mites and their insect hosts from San Mateo County, California (Acarina: Scutacaridae, Uropodi- dae) 8 = Oe 8 REA NIA de OS a BN set 3 ae 8
WIRTH, W. W. and F. S. BLANTON—New Neotropical sandflies of the Culicoides debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) —
WIRTH, W. W. and N. C. RATANAWORABHAN—Ceratoculicoides, a new genus related to Ceratopogon Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae )
WITT, R. L.—see SUMMERS, F. M.
WOOD, F. E.—see SCHABER, B. D.
Vi
341
Vol. 73 MARCH 1971 No. 1
PROCEEDINGS
of the
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY of WASHINGTON
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20560
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY
CONTENTS ANDERSON, D. M.—Oligocaricis Lea a synonym of Smicronyx Schoenherr (Goleapterss Curculionigae) _. er, 63 ARANDA C., B. R. and C. H. W. FLECHTMANN—A report on the Metranychidae.of Paraguay (Acarina) 2.9 9) ee 29 BURKS, B. D.—The Nearctic species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: ales ptr es) yess eee SA eee 68 CRABILL, R. E., Jr.—A new Ballophilus from the Philippines (Chilopoda: Geopiilomorpha: Ballophilidae) 20. AY DONDERO, L. and F. R. SHAW—The overwintering of some muscoidean Diptera in the Amherst area of Massachusetts ——.._-________J____ 52 GRABOWSKI, W. B.—A new genus of oribatid mite (Cryptostigmata: VON YEA TET 623) nt a ee aN nnes JRC Rt ee ke ORINDA! TT eh 44 HORNING, D. S., Jr.—New hymenopteran enemies of Anthidium macu- losum Cresson (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) 43
HUANG, Y.-M.—A redescription of Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris ma- layensis Colless and the differentiation of the larva from that of Aedes
(S:) valbopictus: (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) 2-2 ee eae 1 KRAMER, J. P.—North American deltocephaline leafhoppers of the genus Amblysellus Sleesman (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) 83
LEONARD, M. D., H. G. WALKER and L. ENARI—Host plants of Aphis gossypii at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, Arcadia, Cali- formitae “llomoptera:, Aphididae) 24 283 ie eae ny a 9
(Continued on back cover)
a Bees APR1 1971
Lipeagitd
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF WASHINGTON
ORGANIZED Marcu 12, 1884
OFFICERS FOR 1971
Epson J. HAMBLETON, President Paut M. Marsu, Editor Curtis W. Saprosky, President-Elect Rosert D. Gorpnon, Custodian Dewey M. Caron, Recording Secretary F. EuGENE Woop, Program Chairman Davip R. Smiru, Corresponding Secretary H. Ivan RAINWATER, Membership Chairman THEODORE J. SPILMAN, Treasurer REECE I. Sawer, Delegate, Wash. Acad. Sci.
All correspondence concerning Society business should be mailed to the appropriate officer at the following address:
Entomological Society of Washington c/o Department of Entomology Smithsonian Institution Washington, D. C. 20560
Honorary President C. F. W. MvuESEBECK
Honorary Members
FREDERICK W. Poos ERNEst N, Cory Avery S. Hoyt
MEETINGS.—Regular meetings of the Society are held in Room 43, Natural History Building, Smithsonian Institution, on the first Thursday of each month from October to June, inclusive, at 8 P.M. Minutes of meetings are published regularly in the Proceedings.
MEMBERSHIP.—Members shall be persons who have demonstrated interest in the science of entomology. Annual dues for members are $6.00 (U.S. currency).
PROCEEDINGS.—Published quarterly beginning with March by the Society at Washington, D.C. Members in good standing are entitled to the Proceedings free of charge. Nonmember subscriptions are $8.00 per year, both domestic and foreign (U.S. currency), payable in advance. All remittances should be made payable to The Entomological Society of Washington.
The Society does not exchange its publications for those of other societies.
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP
Title of Publication: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Frequency of Issue: Quarterly (March, June, September, December).
Location of Office of Publication, Business Office of Publisher and Owner: The Entomological S Beery, of Washington, c/o Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560
Editor: Dr. Paul M. Marsh, same address as above. Managing Editor and Known Bondholders or other Security Holders: none.
This issue mailed March 22, 1971
Second Class Postage Paid at Lawrence, Kansas, U. S. A. 66044
ALLEN PRESS, INC, ~ ?®'NTEo LAWRENCE, KANSAS 66044
Us.h
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Vol. 73 MARCH 1971 No. 1
A REDESCRIPTION OF AEDES (STEGOMYIA) SCUTELLARIS MALAYENSIS COLLESS AND THE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE LARVA FROM THAT OF AEDES (S.) ALBOPICTUS (SKUSE)
(Diptera: Curiciar)*
Yrau-Min Huanc, Southeast Asia Mosquito Project, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560
ABSTRACT—Both sexes of Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless 1962 are redescribed and the larva and pupa described for the first time. Char- acters for separating the larva of this species from that of A. (S.) albopictus (Skuse) 1894-5 are given.
Aedes scutellaris malayensis is a Southeast Asia taxon, widely dis- tributed throughout the area. The adults, except for the claspette of the male terminalia, have not been described in any detail, and the immature stages not at all. In the field, s. malayensis is often found with albopictus in the same breeding habitats such as tree holes, and unfortunately the immature stages are extremely similar and very difficult to separate. In view of this and present day interest in Stegomyia, it has been considered desirable to give a detailed descrip- tion of all stages of s. malayensis at the earliest opportunity.
The following description is based primarily on specimens collected from Pulau Hantu, Singapore, the type locality of s. malayensis, by Mr. W. T. Chellappah during March, April, May, December, 1969 and January, 1970. Material Examined: 8 paratypes (4 males, 4 females) in USNM, 4 paratypes (2 males, 2 females) in BM, all bearing same data as holotype male and allotype female (A. s. malayensis, EX. Lab. Colony from Singapore, 1962). 343 adults (164 males, 179 females), 263 larvae, 253 pupae, 235 adults from individual rearings, 56 male terminalia slides, 17 female terminalia slides (Pulau Hantu, Singapore, March, April, May, December, 1969 and January, 1970, W. T. Chellappah).
+ This work was supported by Research Contract No. DA-49-193-MD-2672 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Office of the Surgeon General, Washington, D.C.
2 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless (CBiscueles2 5)
Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless, 1962, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 87: 314 (4, 2). Type locality: Pulau Hantu, Keppel Harbour, Singapore.
MALE. Head. Proboscis dark scaled (or sometimes with a few pale scales on the ventral side, or with a white stripe on the ventral side), slightly longer than fore femur; palpus dark, as long as proboscis, with a white basal band on each of segments 2-5; those on segments 4,5 incomplete dorsally; segments 4,5 subequal, slender, upturned, and with only a few short hairs; antenna plumose, shorter than proboscis; clypeus bare; pedicel covered with white scales except on dorsal side; decumbent scales of vertex all broad and flat; erect forked scales dark, not numerous, restricted to occiput; vertex with a median stripe of broad white scales, with broad dark ones on each side interrupted by a lateral stripe of broad white scales followed by a patch of white broad ones ventrally. Thorax. Scutum with narrow dark scales and a prominent median longitudinal stripe of similar white ones, the median stripe narrows slightly posteriorly and forks at beginning of the prescutellar space, there is on each side a posterior dorsocentral white line which does not reach to the middle of the scutum; a supraalar line of broad white scales present; acrostichal bristles absent; dorsocentral bristles present; scutellum with broad white scales on all lobes and with a few broad dark ones at the apex of mid lobe; anterior pronotum with broad white scales; posterior pronotum with narrow dark scales on the upper portion and with broad white scales on the lower portion forming a white stripe instead of a white patch; paratergite with broad white scales; postspiracular area without scales; subspiracular area without scales; patches of broad white scales on propleuron, on the upper and lower portions of sternopleuron and on the upper and lower portions of mesepimeron; mesepimeron scale patches well separated, sometimes narrowly connected; lower mesepimeron without bristles; metameron bare. Wing. With dark scales on all veins except for a minute basal spot of white scales on the costa; first forked cell 1.5 times as long as its stem. Halter. With dark scales. Legs. Coxae with patches of white scales; knee-spots present on all femora; fore and mid femora dark anteriorly, paler posteriorly; hind femur anteriorly with a broad white longitudinal stripe which widens at base and is narrowly separated from the apical white scale patch; fore and mid tibiae dark anteriorly, paler posteriorly; hind tibia dark; fore and mid tarsi with basal white bands on tarsomere 1,2; hind tarsus with basal white bands on tarsomeres 1-4, the ratio of the length of the white band to the total length of the tarsomere is as 1:4, 1:3, 2:5 and 2:3, tarsomere 5 all white or sometimes with a few dark scales on the apical ventral side; fore and mid legs with tarsal claws unequal, the larger one toothed, the smaller one simple; hind leg with tarsal claws equal, simple. Abdomen. Abdominal segment I with white scales on laterotergite; tergum II dark dorsally, with lateral pale spots only or sometimes with a median spot as well; terga II-VI each with a sub-basal transverse white band which is connected to the lateral spots, some- times tergum III with a sub-basal median spot and with lateral spots which are turned dorsomesally; tergum VII with lateral white spots only; sternum VIII largely covered with white scales. Terminalia. Basimere 3.5 times as long as wide; its scales restricted to dorsolateral, lateral and ventral areas; with a patch of hairs on the basomesal area of the dorsal surface; mesal surface membranous; claspette with the distal expanded part subtriangular in shape, the sternal and tergal sides
———
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 3
Fig. 1. Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless. A, B, dorsoventral aspect of the male pupa; C, tergal aspect of the male terminalia with claspette enlarged (lateral aspect).
4 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
arin < Has Ss ls
ai Uf
gE
Aedes (Stegomyia ) scutellaris malayensis Colless
Fig. 2. Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless. A, dorsoventral aspect of the head of the fourth instar larva; B, lateral aspect of the terminal abdominal segments of the fourth instar larva; C, dorsoventral aspect of the thorax and abdomen of the fourth instar larva.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 5
basfrabhul
Fig. 3. Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless. A, mesal aspect of the claspette of the male terminalia; B, sternal aspect of the female terminalia.
not parallel but tapering, with 7-10 modified setae forming a prominent row on the middle area of the sternal side and occupying about 1% of it; distimere simple, elongate, as long as basimere, with a spiniform process and a few hairs at apex; aedeagus with a distinct sclerotized lateral toothed plate on each side; paraprocts without teeth; cercal setae absent; ninth tergum with 2 hairy lateral lobes.
FEMALE. Essentially as in the male, differing in the following respects: palpus 144 of proboscis, with white scales on apical half. Wing with first forked cell about 2 times as long as its stem. Fore and mid legs with tarsal claws equal, simple. Abdominal tergum I sometimes with a median spot; tergum II always dark dorsally, with lateral spots which are tured dorsomesally; tergum III often dark dorsally, with lateral spots only (or sometimes as in the male); terga IV-VII often with complete sub-basal transverse white bands or sometimes with an incomplete sub-basal transverse band on tergum IV; segment VIII largely retracted; sternum VIII with conspicuous rounded lateral lobe; post-genital plate with shallow notch; cerci short and broad; 3 spermathecae, 1 larger than the other 2.
PUPA. Cephalothorax. Trumpet short, three times as long as wide at the middle; both hair 1-C and 3-C single, longer than 2-C; 2-C usually single (1-2);
6 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse)
Fig. 4. Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse). A, dorsoventral aspect of the head of the fourth instar larva; B, lateral aspect of the terminal abdominal segments of the fourth instar larva; C, dorsoventral aspect of the thorax and abdomen of the fourth instar larva.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
4-C usually single (1-2); 5-C usually with 2 branches (2-3); hair 6-C single, much stouter than 7-C; hair 10-C branched, mesad and caudad of 11-C; 11-C single. Abdomen. Hair 1-I well developed, with more than 10 branches, dendritic; hair 2-I single; hair 3-I single, long; hair 2-I and 3-I not widely separated, the distance between them as the distance between 4-I and 5-I; hair 1-II branched, dendritic; hair 2-II laterad of hair 3-II; hair 2-IV, V mesad of hair 1; hair 3-II and 3-III single, shorter than segment III; hair 5-IV, 5-V and 5-VI single, not reaching beyond the posterior margin of the following segment; hair 9-VIII usually with a strong main stem (1 or 2) and lateral branches of varying length. Paddle. Margins with fringe; hair 1-P single; hair 2-P sometimes present.
LARVA. Head. Antenna 0.5 length of head, without spicules; 1-A inserted near middle of shaft, single; inner mouth brushes pectinate at tip; head hair 4-C well developed, branched, closer to 6-C than 5-C, cephalad and mesad of 6-C; hairs 5, 6, 8, 9 and 13 single; 7 and 12 double; 10 usually single (1-2); 11 usually with 3 branches (3-4); 14 and 15 usually double (2-3); mentum with 11-12 teeth on each side. Thorax. Hair 1-P usually with 3 branches (2-3); 2-P single; 3-P double; 5-P and 6-P single; 7-P double; 11-P usually double (1-2); 5-M and 7-M single; 6-M with 3 branches; 8-M with 4—5 branches; 9-M usually with 3 branches (2-3); 10 and 12 single, long, stout; 11 single, small; 7-T usually with 5 branches (5-7); 9-T usually double (2-3); 10 and 11 similar to those on mesothorax; 12 more reduced. Abdomen. Hair 6-I usually with 4 branches (3-4); 7-I single; 6-II usually with 3 branches (2-3); 7-II usually with 3 branches (2-3); 6-III-V double; 6-VI single; 1-VII usually with 2 branches (2-3), long; comb of 8-12 scales in a single row, each scale with fine denticles or fringes at the base of the apical spine; pentad hair 2-VIII distant from 1-VIII; 1-VIII and 5-VIII with 3-4 branches; 3-VIII with 5-9 branches; 2-VIII and 4-VIII single; siphon short, about 2.5 times as long as wide, acus absent; pecten teeth 10-14 in number, evenly spaced, each tooth with 2-4 basal denticles; 1-S with 4-5 branches, inserted beyond last tooth and in line with the teeth; saddle incomplete; marginal spicules very small and inconspicuous; 1-X with 2 branches; 2-X with 2 branches; 3-X single; ventral brush with 4 pairs of hairs on grid, each hair single except 2 of the proximal ones usually double (1-2), sometimes 4 of the proximal ones double; without precratal tufts; gills long and about 4 times as long as saddle, sausage-like.
TYPE DATA. Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris malayensis Colless, holotype male, allotype female in the Australian National Insect Col- lection, Canberra; type locality: Palau Hantu, Keppel Harbour, Singa- pore (Colless 1962).
DISTRIBUTION. This species is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia, being known from Singapore, Malaya, Thailand, Cam- hodia, Viet Nam, Taiwan and Hainan.
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION. Aedes s. malayensis, a member of the scutellaris subgroup, is highly variable in both adult ornamentation and in the immature stages. However, certain characters of the male terminalia, such as the shape of the claspette and the degree of de- velopment of modified setae on it, are constant and unique. It is very similar to s. scutellaris from Aroe Island and New Guinea (Huang 1969), to s. hensilli from Ulithi Island, W. Carolinas and “scutellaris”
8 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
from the Philippines. A full account of these and related forms will be given in the future.
BIOLOGY. Larvae were taken in tree-holes on Pulau Hantu and in fallen palm-fronds (Colless, 1957).
The topotypic material (Pulau Hantu, Singapore, W. T. Chellappah ) newly reported here was reared from larvae or pupae which were collected from tree-holes and spathes holding water and reared from eggs which were obtained from wild caught adults.
The adults of s. malayensis are easily differentiated from albopictus by the characteristic abdominal ornamentation, while the larvae are extremely similar. In nature, the larvae of s. malayensis are often collected from the same breeding sites as albopictus, therefore, great care must be taken in identifying them. The following will suffice in about 80-90% of cases. In s. malayensis abdominal hair 1-VII usually with 2 long branches, when 3-branched then one much smaller than the other two; mesothoracic hair 9-M usually 3, rarely 2-branched; ventral brush hairs 4a-x usually double, occasionally single. In albo- pictus hair 1-VII usually 4, sometimes 3-branched, but always shorter and stronger; mesothoracic hair 9-M usually with 2 branches, rarely 3-branched; 4a-x always single.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am grateful to Dr. Botha de Meillon and Dr. Alan Stone for the helpful assistance and valuable suggestions regarding this paper and also for a critical review of the manuscript. I extend my thanks to Mr. Vichai Malikul of Southeast Asia Mosquito Project, for his help in making the drawings; to Miss Virginia M. Ford of Southeast Asia Mosquito Project, for the help in rearing and preparation of specimens.
I am much indebted to Mr. W. T. Chellappah, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Singapore, Singapore, for his invaluable help in sending the Singapore material to SEAMP.
REFERENCES
Colless, D. H. 1957. Records of two Pacific Island species of mosquitos from Singapore Harbour. Med. J. Malaya 12(2):464—465.
1962. Notes on the taxonomy of the Aedes scutellaris group, and new records of A. paullusi and A. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 87:312-315.
Huang, Y. M. 1969. A description of a topotypic male of Aedes scutellaris (Walker). (Diptera: Culicidae). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 71(4):471-475.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 9
HOST PLANTS OF APHIS GOSSYPIIT AT THE LOS ANGELES STATE AND COUNTY ARBORETUM, ARCADIA, CALIFORNIA*™ (HoMoprTERA: APHIDIDAE )
Mortmer D. Leonarp, Collaborator, Entomology Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture?
and
Harry G. WALKER, Entomologist and Leonip EnaAnti, Plant Taxonomist, Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, 301 North Baldwin Ave., Arcadia, California 91006
ABSTRACT—Dnuring 1966 and 1967 aphids were collected from 1332 different kinds of plants at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum, Arcadia, Califor- nia. Aphis gossypii Glover was found on 204 of these, which were distributed in 84 genera and 35 different plant families. The genera are listed in alphabetical order and with each species the date or dates of collection are given and the rela- tive abundance of A. gossypii is usually indicated.
During 1966 and 1967 aphids were collected from 1332 different kinds of plants at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum at Arcadia, California. Aphis gossypii Glover was found on 204 of these plants which are distributed in 84 genera and 35 plant families. The genera of the host plants are listed in alphabetical order including the family name, an alphabetical listing of the host species in each genus, the dates of collection and, where available, an indication of the abun- dance of the aphids.
In addition, there is an alphabetical listing of the family names of the host plants, plus the number of genera, the number of hosts and the number of collections in which A. gossypii were found.
Hosr PLAnts or Aphis gossypii GLOVER ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY ACCORDING To GENERA AND GIVING THE DATE APHIDS WERE COLLECTED AND INDICATION or ABUNDANCE
Leguminosae Araliaceae Acacia gillii Maiden & Blakely Acanthopanax trifoliatus Merrill 2/X1/67 moderate 11/1/67 moderate Malvaceae A, pennata Willd. Alyogyne hakeifolia (Giard.) Alef. 25/VII/67 scarce 27/11/67 moderate
1 This is the second in a series of papers on the host plants of aphids at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum at Arcadia, California in which Dr. Leon- ard was responsible for the identification of the aphids, Dr. Walker for their col- lection and Dr. Enari for the identification of the host plants.
2 Mail address: 2400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009.
10 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Compositae
Angianthus tomentosus Wendl. 20/1/67 abundant
Liliaceae Asparagus sprengeri Regel. 27/X/67 scarce Myrtaceae Baeckea virgata Andr. 11/1IV/67 scarce
Leguminosae Bauhinia variegata Linn.
7/11/67 abundant
Begoniaceae Begonia Hybrids Hort. 27/X/67 scarce
B. semperflorens Hook
27/X/67 moderate
Rutaceae
Boronia megastigma Nees 31/X/67 scarce
Pittosporaceae Bursaria spinosa incana Lindl. 20/1/67 abundant 19/VII/67 abundant
B. s. inermis Blanco
20/1/67 abundant
Leguminosae
Caesalpinia crista Linn. 13/IV /67 scarce
Compositae Calendula officinalis ‘Pacific Beauty’ 29/XII scarce
Myrtaceae Callistemon pachyphyllus Cheel 14/IV/67 scarce
Cupressaceae Callitris rhomboidea R. Br. 2/1V/67 scarce C. robusta R. Br.
6/11/67 moderate
C. verrucosa R. Br. 21/VI1/67
moderate
Apocynaceae
Carissa macrocarpa A.DC. 28/V1/67 scarce
Leguminosae Cassia australis Reinw. 12/V1/66
C. tomentosa Ehrenb. & Hempr. 3/V1/67 scarce
Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia Linn. 7/III/67 scarce
C. huegeliana Miq. 10/VII/67 scarce
Bignoniaceae
Catalpa speciosa Warder 5/V/67 scarce
Solanaceae Cestrum nocturnum Linn.
7/1X/66 abundant
Myrtaceae Chamaelaucium uncinatum Schauer 26/1/67 abundant
C. u. ‘Rubrum’
26/1/67 abundant
Malvaceae
Chorisia speciosa St. Hil. 16/11/67 scarce
Compositae Chrysanthemum maximum ‘Temptation’ 31/X/67 C. ‘Rambler’ 15/V/67
moderate
moderate
Rutaceae Citrus sp. 16/I11/67
C. limonia Risso 19/X/67
abundant
abundant
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 Hat
C. paradisi MacF ad.
29/II1/66 scarce Ternstroemiaceae Cleyera japonica Thunb. 10/VIII/67 moderate Leguminosae
Clianthus formosus Ford & Vickery
27 /XI1/67 abundant Combretaceae Combretum glomeruliflorum Sond 17/IV/67 moderate C. kraussii Hochst. 6/1V /67 moderate Boraginaceae Cordia myxa Linn. 24/111 /67 abundant 19/VII/67 abundant Rosaceae
Cotoneaster conspicua Marquand
18/X/66 abundant 2/V/67 moderate 28/XI1/67 moderate C. denticulata H. B. & K. 23/X1/66 abundant C. harroviana Wils. 21/V1/67 abundant C. microphylla thymifolia Koehne 12/X/67 scarce Crassulaceae Crassula falcata Wendl. 16/VIII/66 abundant 26/1X/67 abundant 11/X/67 abundant C. portulacea Lam. 10/1/67 abundant 7/11/67 abundant Solanaceae
Cyphomandra betacea Sendt.
14/1IX/66 scarce 1/X1/66 abundant Leguminosae Cytisus canariensis Steud. 5/IV/67 scarce
Compositae Diplopappus filifolius (Vent.) | DC. 5/1V/67 moderate Myoporaceae Eremophila bignoniflora F. Muell. 24/X/67 scarce Ericaceae Erica australis Linn. 18/II1/67 scarce E. bauera Andr. 30/V1/66 E. glandulosa Andr. 22,/1V /67 scarce Rosaceae Eriobotrya deflexa koshunenis K. & S. 18/X/67 scarce 28/XI1/67 abundant E. japonica Lindl. 11/X/67 abundant Myrtaceae Eucalyptus sp. 12/1V/67 scarce
E. aggregata Deane & Maiden
30/11/67 scarce E. amygdalina Labill.
26/1/67 scarce
14/IV/67 moderate E. angulosa Schau.
26/II1/67 scarce
14/1IV/67 scarce E. behriana F. Muell.
18/IV /66 scarce E. botryoides Sm.
93/X/67 moderate E. brachycalyx Blakely
2/X1/67 abundant E. b. chindoo Blakely
13/IV/67 moderate E. brevifolia F. Muell.
2/X1/67 moderate
E. burracoppinensis Maiden
30/III/67 scarce E. caesia Benth. 24/X/67 scarce
Be
1 E re
EB.
1
13,
E.
les
E
Ep
E.
E
E
E.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
coccifera Hook 4/T1/67
coccifera ‘Multifruited’ 11/VII/67
cosmophylla F. Muell. 23/X/67
diversifolia Bonpl. 30/11/67
ebbanoensis Maiden 14/1V/67
erythronema Turcz. 28/1/67
24/X/67
’. eudesmoides F. Muell.
30/11/67
. gigantea Dehnh. 23/X/67
. huberiana Naud. 23/X/67
. hybrid
31/II1/67
’. inerassata Labill.
31/III/67 intertexta R. T. Baker 12/1V /67
25/1/67
11/VII/67 leucophylla Domin. 19/1/67
7/II1/67
10/VII/67
‘. leucoxylon pauperata J.
24/X/67 . macrandra F. Muell. 30/1/67 2,/X1/67
marginata Sm. 94/X/67
24/II1/67
melanophloia F. Muell. 20/VII/67
. melliodora A. Cunn. 23/X/67
moderate
moderate
Scarce
scarce
moderate
abundant scarce
scarce
abundant
moderate
moderate
SCarce
scarce
lansdowneana leucantha Blakely
scarce scarce
abundant scarce scarce Eaebre scarce
Scarce scarce
SCarce
megacornuta C. A. Gardner
scarce
SCarce
abundant
E. odontocarpa F. Muell. 14/1V/67
E. oleosa F. Muell. 2/X1/67
E. orbifolia F. Muell. 2/X1/67
E. orgadophilia M. & B. 23/X/67
E. ovata Labill. 25/1/67
E. oxymitra Blakely 31/II1/67 2/X1/67
E. pachyloma Benth. 2/X1/67
E. pachyphylla A. Cunn. 31/III/67 2/X1/67
E. paniculata Sm. 30/1/67
E. pauciflora Sieber 12/VI1/67
E. pileata Blakely 31/III/67
scarce
abundant
moderate
moderate
moderate
scarce moderate
Scarce
moderate scarce
abundant
moderate
scarce
E. platypus heterophylla Blakely
2/X1/67
E. pyriformis Turcz. 23/1/67 31/11/67
E. rhodantha B. & S. 9/X/67
E. salmonophloia F. Muell.
95/11/67
E. sideroxylon A. Cunn. 24/X/67
E. stellulata Sieber
24/X/67
. stuartiana F. Muell.
14/IV/67
E. tereticornis Sm. 25/1/67
E. torquata Luehm. 2/X1/67
fe
E. umbellata Dum-Cours.
2/X1/67
scarce
scarce scarce
abundant
SCarce
scarce
SCarce
moderate
abundant
scarce
moderate
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
E. urnigera Hook 13/VII/67 E. xanthonema Turcz. 30/III/67 Celastraceae Euonymus japonicus Linn. 19/V1/67 Moraceae Ficus sp. 17/X/67 F. henneana Miq. 2/11/67 F. iteophylla Miq. 3/V1/67 F. natalensis Hochst. 30/XI1/66 F. retusa Linn. 7/II1/67 Onagraceae Fuchsia hybrids 10/X/67 F. ‘Ventura’ 7/1X/67 Rubiaceae Gardenia globosa Hochst. 10/X1/66 G. thunbergia Linn. 11/IV/66 25/X/67 Leguminosae
Genista cinerea DC. 23/V /67
Compositae
Gerbera jamesonii Bolus 30/V1/66
Malvaceae Gossypium sp. 9/IX/66 15/X1/66 G. sturtianum J. H. Willis 17/1/67
abundant
scarce
scarce
scarce
abundant
scarce
abundant
SCarce
moderate
moderate
scarce
scarce
abundant
abundant scarce
abundant
13 Proteaceae Grevillea thelemanniana Hueg. 29/V1/67 scarce Rosaceae Heteromeles arbutifolia Lindl.
25/1V /67 scarce H. a. macrocarpa Munz.
20/1V /67 moderate
Malvaceae Hibiscus G-65-9
29/X/66 abundant H. ‘Andersonii’
29/X/66 scarce H. arnottianus A. Gray
29/X/66 moderate H. a. kauaiensis
29/X/66 abundant H. ‘Blue Hawaiian’
26/1X/67 abundant H. ‘Cooperi’
29/X/66 moderate H. “‘D. H. Denisonii x H. Rosa Fy Hort.
A/X/66 abundant H. “Deodar Double’
26/1X/67 abundant H. ‘Higbee Red’
29/X/66 abundant H. ‘Hybrid’
26/1X/67 abundant H. ludwigii Eckl. & Zeyh.
18/1/67 moderate
17/X/67 scarce H. manihot Linn.
30/X/67 scarce H. mutabilis
1/V/67 scarce H. pedunculatus Linn.
5/IV/67 scarce H. rosa-sinensis Linn.
17/1/67 abundant H. rosa-sinensis ‘Sandra’
4/X1/67 abundant
14 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
H. ‘Ross Estey’
4/X/66 abundant H. surattensis Linn. 30/X/67 moderate H. syriacus Linn. 11/X/67 abundant Pittosporaceae Hymenosporum flavum F. Muell. 9/X1/66 abundant 12/IV/67 moderate 30/V1/67 abundant 11/X/67 moderate Hypericaceae
Hypericum balearicum Linn.
18/11/67 abundant H. calycinum Linn. 27/X/67 moderate H. canadense Linn. 10/1V/66 H. canariensis Linn. 11/X/67 abundant H. elatum Ait. 4/X1/66 scarce 18/II1/67 abundant H. patulum Thunb. 19/V1/67 abundant 31/X/67 abundant Saxifrageae Itea yunnanensis Franch. 13/VI1/67 scarce 4/X/67 moderate Bignoniaceae
Jacaranda acutifolia Humb. & Bonpl.
11/VII/66 scarce 5/V1/67 scarce Crassulaceae Kalanchoe blossfeldiana V. Poelln. 20/X/66 abundant 25/1V /67 scarce Myrtaceae Kunzea ericifolia Reichb. 29/V1/67 scarce
K. recurva Schau.
29/V1/67 scarce Verbenaceae Lantana macrophylla Schau. 13/1V/66 Myrtaceae Leptospermum ‘Pom Pom’ 14/1V/67 scarce 6/VII/67 moderate L. “Red Damask’ 12/1V/67 scarce 30/V1/67 scarce L. scoparium “Ruby Glow 30/V1/67 scarce L. scoparium ‘Snow White’ 6/VII/67 scarce L. scoparium ‘Walker 23/1/67 scarce Lhotskya ericoides Schau. 12/1V /67 scarce Hamamelidaceae Liquidamber formosana Hance 16/III/67 moderate 6/V/67 scarce 15/V1/67 scarce L. orientalis Mill. 18/11/67 scarce L. styraciflua Linn. 5/1V/67 scarce Myrtaceae Melaleuca longicoma Benth. 2./X1/67 moderate M. radula Lindl. 15/IV/67 scarce M. squarrosa Donn 13/VII/67 scarce M. uncinata R. Br. 14/IV /67 scarce Metrosideros excelsa Soland. 26/IIL/67 scarce
Rutaceae
Microcitrus australis Swingle 27/X/67 scarce
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 15
Leguminosae Mundulea sericea A. Cheval 8/V/67
SCarce
Myoporaceae Myoporum acuminatum R. Br.
27/XI11/66 scarce 28/1/67 scarce Myrtaceae Myrtus communis Linn. 4/X/67 scarce 3/X1/67 scarce Compositae Olearia gunniana Hook 25/1/67 moderate Rosaceae
Osteomeles subrotunda Lindl. 28/XI11/67 moderate
Leguminosae Oxylobium callistachys Benth.
23/X/67 scarce Araliaceae Paratropia stelzneriana 8/VIII/66 abundant Hamamelidaceae Parrotia persica CA. Mey. 5/1V/67 moderate Rosaceae Photinia beauverdiana Schneider 16/V /67 moderate 16/VIII/67 moderate P. fraseri Dress 1/11/67 moderate 5/V/67 moderate 21/VII/67 abundant 27/XI1/67 scarce P. glabra Decne. 7/VI1/66 abundant 16/VIII/67 abundant P. serrulata Lindl. 5/VII/67 abundant
Pittosporaceae Pittosporum tobira ‘Varigatum’ 14/11/67 moderate
Plumbaginaceae Plumbago capensis Thunb. 15/V1/67
Scarce
Portulacaceae Portulaca olearacea Linn.
3/XI1/67 moderate
Araliaceae
Pseudopanax lessonii C. Koch 1/VIII/66 scarce
Rosaceae
Pyracantha koidzumii Rehder. 16/11/67 moderate
Anacardiaceae Rhus sp. 5/1V/67
R. viminalis Ait. 13/IL/67
Scarce
abundant
Labiatae Salvia rutilans Carr.
14/IV/66 scarce
Araliaceae
Schefflera venulosa Harms.
25/11/66 abundant 6/X/66 abundant Compositae Senecio lineatus DC. 5/1V/67 scarce S. petasitis DC. 7/1V/67 scarce Rutaceae Severinia buxifolia Tenore 1/V1/67 moderate Leguminosae Sophora secundiflora Lag. 15/V/67 moderate
16 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Apocynaceae
Trachelospermum asiaticum Nakai
27/X/67
T. jasminoides Lem
13/VII1/66 4/X/66 5/X/67 17/X/67
Caprifoliaceae
scarce
scarce moderate scarce abundant
Viburnum atrocyaneum C. B. Clarke
20/X/66
abundant
V. suspensum Lindl. 4/X/67
V. tinus Linn. 1/VIII/66
Apocynaceae Vinca major Linn.
6/X1/67
Cupressaceae
abundant
scarce
abundant
Widdringtonia dracomontana Stapf.
5/IV/67
abundant
An ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE FAMILIES OF THE Host PLANTS OF Aphis gossypii GLoveER INDICATING THE NUMBERS OF GENERA, SPECIES OR OTHER IDENTIFICA- TIONS AND THE NUMBER OF COLLECTIONS MADE Durinc 1966 AND 1967
Families
Genera
Hosts
Samples Taken
Anacardiaceae Apocynaceae Araliaceae Begoniaceae Bignoniaceae Boraginaceae Caprifoliaceae Casuarinaceae Celastraceae Combretaceae Compositae Crassulaceae Cupressaceae Ericaceae Hamamelidaceae Hypericaceae Labiatae Leguminosae Liliaceae Malvaceae Moraceae Myoporaceae Myrtaceae Onagraceae Pittosporaceae Plumbaginaceae Portulacaceae Proteaceae Rosaceae Rubiaceae Rutaceae Saxifragaceae Solanaceae Ternstroemiaceae Verbenaceae
Total
— BEDE UR UR BBW HON BRR RR REN RNNAR RRR RNR ROE
[e.0} aS
bp
~] ERDF ONNRF KEEP ANNNUWENHEODRWKWONRrPNWRNYPNHKALW
_
204
bo wb Ul~1b
ie) bo i BRWNOWNR RE RON OWT ORrFODWERAONFW
bo > oO
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 Wy
THE SPECIES RELATED TO MINETTIA OBSCURA (LOEW), WITH ONE NEW SPECIES AND ONE NEW SYNONYM (DreTeRA: LAUXANIIDAE )
GEORGE C, STEYSKAL, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture!
ABSTRACT—Examination of the type specimens of Minettia obscura (Loew) and M. americana Malloch shows that the latter is a synonym of the former and that the species Malloch considered to be M. obscura is until now unnamed. Minettia obscura of authors, not Loew, is described as M. shewelli, n. sp., and a revised key to the species of the group to which it belongs is given.
Since Malloch (1923:53), in describing Minettia americana, and since Malloch and McAtee (1924:14), in their key to Minettia, identi- fied M. obscura (Loew) as a species with 3 dorsocentral bristles, that species has been misidentified. Examination of the type of M. obscura shows that M. americana is a synonym of M. obscura and that the species that Malloch considered to be M. obscura is until now un- named. I am here describing M. obscura of authors, not Loew, as M. shewelli, new species, and presenting a revised key to the species of this group.
The genus Minettia Robineau-Desvoidy in North America, as treated by Shewell (1938:105; 1965:701), includes 5 very similar species that may be called the obscura group after the first-named species. These species may be recognized easily by black thorax, abdomen, and hal- teres. The only characters of use in distinguishing the species of this group that I can discern are cited in the key below. The term pseud- aedeagus, used here, refers to the structure developed as a forked proc- ess from the end of the juncture of the aedeagal apodeme and the median anterior part of the hypandrium; it is what Shewell (1938) des- ignated as “forked process of the genital sternite.” A similar, even more aedeagus-like development occurs also in the Celyphidae. The male gonopore is just behind the base of the pseudaedeagus, and a true aedeagus is either lacking or present as a short, apparently inflat- able sac-like structure.
Kry To Species RELATED TO Minettia obscura (Loew)
1(10) Males.
2(7) Tip of pseudaedeagal process in profile abruptly turned forward at or a little apicad of middle; dc normally 4, with well developed ante- sutural de.
1 Mail address: c/o U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. 20560.
18
3(4)
4(3)
5(6)
6(5)
8(9)
9(8)
10(1) 11(14)
12(13) 13(12)
14(11) 15(16)
16(15) 17(18)
18(17)
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Pseudaedeagal processes in anterior view apically convergent, acute, length less than that of hypandrium at base of connecting strip cP EY M. lobata Shewell
Pseudaedeagal processes more or less divergent, length greater than that of hypandrium at base of connecting strip.
Surstylus with posterior edge not reflexed inwardly or only slightly so along entire length; hypandrium in profile steeply arcuately decliv- itous anteriorly; aedeagal apodeme in anterior view with free end onlysslightly expanded, =5- == en eee M. obseura (Loew) Surstylus with posterior edge strongly reflexed inwardly in basal half; hypandrium in profile gently declivitous anteriorly; aedeagal apo- deme in anterior view with free end strongly expanded — SORE ered Siena ena ae Se aD Mire UAE oe Be M. americanella Shewell Tip of pseudaedeagal process in profile not abruptly turned forward, either turned backward or only gently forward; de normally 3.
Tip of pseudaedeagal process in anterior view strongly deflected laterad, medial sinus moderately broad —.__ M. lyraformis Shewell Pseudaedeagal process cuneiform, the 2 processes separated by narrow sinus, with acute tips closely adjacent to each other (fig. A) ~~ ca ke as et ee ee ee ee oe ee Wel SDs
Females.
8th sternum without depressions, or if with shallow basal depressions, the sternum much broader than long, mostly strongly convex and setose, and hind margin emarginate; dc normally 3.
8th sternum nearly hemispherical ________»___ M. lyraformis Shewell
8th sternum much broader than long, with pair of shallow, shining depressions in basal corners, otherwise strongly convex and _ setose, posterior margin emarginate (fig. B) __._____ M. shewelli, n. sp.
8th sternum with pair of well developed depressions; de normally 4.
8th sternum with pale yellowish lateral vesicles, tumid in life — aan eA a a MB tte et ___ M. lobata Shewell
8th sternum without lateral vesicles.
8th sternum subtriangular, decidedly broadest near apex — ee er Et ee M. obseura (Loew) 8th sternum subquadrate, broader than long, or subtrapezoidal — a ea MN, IS eR See M. americanella Shewell
The number of rows of acrostichal hairs, development of longitudi- nal grayish stripes on the mesoscutum, and small differences in length of aristal hairs have not been found usable in distinguishing the species. The number of dorsocentral bristles, like chaetotactic characters in most groups of Diptera, is subject to some variation. In 140 specimens of M. lyraformis collected in one locality in Maryland, only 10 had a 4th, antesutural dorsocentral, and in most cases this occurred only on one side or the extra bristle was but little greater in length or thick-
PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 19
ness than the surrounding hairs. In other species, even less abnormal- ity in bristling was seen.
Minettia americanella Shewell
Minettia americanella Shewell, 1938:108, pl. 9, fig. 4-6; 1965:701.
The holotype is from Quebec. Other specimens were originally cited from several localities in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia. In 1965, Shewell cited New York, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. I have strong doubts that this species is more than a variation of M. obscura, but have identified material that fits fairly well with Shewell’s description and figures from New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, IIli- nois, and Virginia.
Minettia lobata Shewell Minettia lobata Shewell, 1938:108, pl. 9, fig. 7-9; 1965:701.
The type series is from several localities in Quebec. Shewell (1965) also cited Illinois, Massachusetts, and Georgia. I have seen it from Missouri, Iowa, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Maryland, and Virginia. The species is easily distinguished from its relatives.
Minettia lyraformis Shewell
Minettia lyraformis Shewell, 1938:109, pl. 9, fig. 10-12; 1965:701.
The holotype is from Quebec, and other material was originally cited from several localities in Quebec and Ontario. Shewell (1965) cited also Southern Manitoba, New York, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Georgia. This species is also easily recognized. I have seen it from Alaska (Palmer), Missouri, Indiana, Michigan, New York, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Maryland.
Minettia obscura (Loew)
Lauxania obscura Loew, 1861:351 (Centuria I, no. 86).
Minettia obscura (Loew): Melander, 1913:65.
M. americana Malloch, 1923:25; Malloch and McAtee, 1924:14, 16, pl. 1, fig. 5-7; Shewell, 1938:137, pl. 9, fig. 1-3. New synonym.
The description of Lauxania obscura cites “English River; Kennicot— Pennsylvania; Osten-Sacken.” A pair, both labeled “Type,” from En- glish River (tributary of Winnipeg River, SW Ontario, Kenora Dis- trict), has been examined through the kindness of Howard E. Evans, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, Cam- bridge, Massachusetts. Both specimens are in good condition, with 4 dorsocentral bristles and the postabdomen easily discernible. The male has been selected as lectotype and so labeled. Both sexes are of the
20 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
| ie = S. ; ~ L aS ~ \ ay NOR \ ee Z yy | \ one g \
\\\} 11 // y ie Ney \\ (lps ,, S A x | LIEN Na) Fir | AAS WA Zan N Ve 4\\\ Sit
( IN — yy \ " , at
i St AW) 1
BOOT 1) 1100)
Figs. A-D, Minettia shewelli Steyskal, n. sp.: A, male postabdomen, profile and ventral views; B, female postabdomen, ventral view; C, egg, lateral view and section taken at broken line; D, spermathecae.
same species, one that Malloch, as indicated above, described as M. americana. I have seen no original material from Pennsylvania.
The male holotype of M. americana and the allotype, which is actu- ally also a male, are from Plummers Island, Maryland. Conspecitic paratypes in the U.S. National Museum are from Plummers Island and Cabin John Bridge, Maryland, and Great Falls, Virginia. Other para- types in the U.S. National Museum have proven to be M. americanella, M. lobata, and M. lyraformis.
Shewell cited Quebec and Ontario localities (1965) and the States of Kansas and Virginia (1965). I have seen M. obscura also from Ontario, Quebec, Michigan, Illinois, New Mexico (Pecos), and Mary- land.
Minettia shewelli, n. sp. (Fig. A-D)
Minettia obscura (Loew), of Malloch and McAtee, 1924:14, 16, pl. 1, fig. 8; Steyskal, 1968:360. Misidentification.
Male. Apparently differing from M. lyraformis Shewell only in characters cited in preceding key. Dorsocentral bristles 3, all postsutural. Postabdomen as in fig. A; pseudaedeagal processes narrowly separated, tips extending closely adjacent to each other, in anterior view each process acutely cuneiform, in profile broad and gently sinuate, a little forwardly curved to sometimes mucronate tip; surstylus with mesal margin a little lobate or angulate in middle.
Female. Similar to male, except postabdomen (fig. B). Stemum 8 about 1.75 times as broad as long, lateral margins semicircular, anterior (basal) margin
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 21
erosely emarginate, posterior margin gently concave; surface dull, strongly con- vex, covered with rather dense fine hairs except on pair of shallowly concave shining areas in basal corners. Sternum 9 with rather long hairs, except in mesal fifth, which is bare and margined by inclinate hairs. Spermathecae 2 + 1, as in fig. D.
Egg (fig. C, dissected from female). Colorless, slightly curved, smooth, with 2 strong carinae on concave side and 2 pairs of somewhat finer carinae on convex side, 200 uw in diameter by 850 u long.
Holotype (male), allotype, and 44 paratypes, Bethesda, Montgomery County, Maryland, 17 May 1968 (G. Steyskal, no. 70721 in USNM?; additional paratypes—1 ¢, ibid., 5 May 1968 (G. Steyskal); 2¢ (one with abnormal antenna), ibid., 26 May 1968 (G. Steyskal); 74, ibid., 2 June 1968 (G. Steyskal and C. W. Sabrosky); 14, 2°, ibid., 17 May 1969 (G. Steyskal); 144, ibid., 30 May 1969 (G. Steyskal); Missouri: 93, Columbia, 26 May-8 June 1906 (C. R. Crosby), in CU and CNC; Illinois: 12, Chicago, 6 June 1903 (A. L. Melander); Wisconsin: 14, Polk County, July (Baker); Michigan: 1¢, Lake County, 7 July 1957 (R. and K. Dreisbach), in CNC; 1¢, Midland County, 4 June 1937 (R. R. Dreisbach), in CNC; 14, ibid., 20 June 1954 (R. R. Dreisbach), in CNC; Indiana: 1 pair, Chesterton, 2 June 1916 (J. M. Aldrich); 23, Lafay- ette, “V-28” (J. M. Aldrich); 14, ibid., “12 July” (J. M. Aldrich); 1¢, ibid., 13 July 1915 (J. M. Aldrich); 4¢, ibid., 16 May 1916 (J. M. Ald- rich); Ohio: 13,4 mi E Kent, 16 July 1964 (W. B. Stoltzfus), in KSU; Tennessee: 26, 1°, East Ridge, 9 May 1952 (O. Peck), in CNC; 74, Rutledge, July 1954 (M. R. Wheeler), in UT; Georgia: 23, 12, Chick- amauga Natl. Military Park, 7 May 1952 (G. S. Walley), in CNC; 24, Clayton, 18-26 May 1911 (J. C. Bradley), in CNC; Cloudland Canyon State Park, 8 May 1952 (G. S. Walley), in CNC; 2¢, Pine Mountain, Rabun County, 14 May 1957, 1400 ft. (J. R. Vockeroth), in CNC; Con- necticut: 146, Redding, 31 May 1930 (A. L. Melander); 1¢, ibid., 3 June 1934 (A. L. Melander); New York: 14, 12, “Dix. Hills,” Long Island, 15 June 1935 (Blanton and Borders), in CNC; 1¢, Halfway Hollow Hills, Long Island, 18 May 1935 (Blanton and Borders), in CNC; 14, Ithaca, 10 June 1900, in CNC; Riverhead, Long Island, 27 May 1924 (Blanton and Borders), in CNC; Pennsylvania: 1¢, Ger- mantown, 4 June 1905 (Harbeck); Maryland: 14, Plummers Island, 14 June 1917, in CNC; Virginia: 1¢, Falls Church, 13 July 1934, in CNC; 36, Great Falls, 9 July 1926 (A. L. Melander); 14, ibid., same date (J. M. Aldrich), in CNC; 34, ibid., 12 June 1949 (C. W. Sabro- sky), in CWS; 14, ibid., 13 May 1951 (C. W. Sabrosky ), in CWS; 1°, ibid., 3 June 1951 (C. W. Sabrosky), in CWS; North Carolina: 1°,
2 Abbreviations of depositories: U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C.; CNC, Canadian National Collection, Ottawa; CU, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; CWS, collection of Curtis W. Sabrosky; KSU, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio; UT, University of Texas, Austin.
22, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Clingmans Dome, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 6300+ ft., 28 May 1957 (J. R. Vockeroth), in CNC; 12, Franklin, 17 June 1957 (J. R. Vockeroth), in CNC; 1 pair, Lake Junaluska, 27 May 1954 (H. V. Weems, Jr); 14, Willard, 10 May 1936 (F. S. Blanton), in CU. Specimens are in USNM, except as otherwise designated and 7 topo- typical paratypes in CNC (14, 22, 17 May 1969; 42, 30 May 1969).
The type locality is in moist woods along Cabin John Creek at Bradley Boulevard, about 5 mi. W of the District of Columbia. The specimens were swept from low vegetation such as Impatiens sp., Po- dophyllum peltatum, Rhus toxicodendron, Laportea canadensis, Galium sp., Eupatorium purpureum, Apios tuberosa, and Benzoin aestivale. Also taken in this locality during 1968 and 1969 were 140 M. lyraformis, 39 M. lobata, and 12 M. obscura.
REFERENCES
Loew, H. 1861. Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria prima. Berlin. Ent. Zeits. 5:307—359. Malloch, J. R. 1923. Some new genera and species of Lonchaeidae and Sapromyzidae (Diptera). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 25:45-53. and W. L. MeAtee. 1924. Keys to flies of the families Lonchaeidae, Pallopteridae, and Sapromyzidae of the eastern United States, with a list of the species of the District of Columbia region. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 65 (12): 1-26, pls. 1-2. Melander, A. L. 1913. <A synopsis of the Sapromyzidae. Psyche 20:57-82, pl. 3. Shewell, G. E. 1938. The Lauxaniidae (Diptera) of southern Quebec and adjacent regions. Can. Ent. 70:102—110, 111-118, 133-142. 1965. In Stone, A., et al., A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv., Agr. Handbook no. 276: 695-706. Steyskal, G. C. 1968. A case of partially reduplicated antenna in Minettia obscura (Loew) (Diptera: Lauxaniidae). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 70:360.
MUSEUM NEWS
The U. S. National Museum has recently been divided into two separate mu- seums, the National Museum of Natural History and the National Museum of His- tory and Technology. Both are bureaus of the Smithsonian Institution. The U. S. National Museum now consists only of Offices of the Registrar, Administration and Exhibits. However, because all national biological and paleontological specimens have been and still are accessioned through the Office of the Registrar, it is ap- propriate to continue the designation USNM for specimens in all Smithsonian Museums.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 23
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS CUMMINGSIA FERRIS FROM THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA‘
(MALLOPHAGA: TRIMENOPONIDAE ) Eustorcio MENDEZ, Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, Panama, R. P.
ABSTRACT—Cummingsia inopinata Méndez, n. sp. from Thomasomys cinerei- venter J. A. Allen, is described and illustrated. A member of the order Rodentia is added as a new host of the genus Cummingsia, which had been formerly recorded exclusively from South American marsupials. This finding seems to represent a case of secondary infestation by a species of Cummingsia on a rodent.
Judging from previous information on the genus Cummingsia, it had been considered that all its species were associated with South American marsupials. These obviously represent patterns of primary infestation on these mammals. Recently, however, a collection of bit- ing and sucking lice from Colombia, submitted to me for identification by Dr. H. Trapido, has revealed an interesting new species of Cum- mingsia as a genuine parasite of Thomasomys cinereiventer, a mem- ber of the rodent family Cricetidae. This discovery modifies our knowledge of Cummingsia by adding a host belonging to a different mammalian order. The presence of this louse on a rodent seems to in- dicate an interesting case of secondary infestation of probable recent origin.
I am indebted to Dr. k. C. Emerson for the loan of a male and a female specimen of Cummingsia peramydis Ferris for comparative studies. My thanks are also expressed to Dr. Harold Trapido of the Rockefeller Foundation Unit at the Universidad del Valle, Colombia, for the opportunity of describing the following new species.
Cummingsia inopinata, n. sp.
(Figs. 1-5)
Diagnosis —Morphological features of the head places this new species near C. intermedia Werneck; however, it is fundamentally dif- ferent from the latter species in having a single row of setae on each abdominal sternite, except the first one, instead of two rows. Addi- tional significant differences are present in the male and female geni- talia which are here illustrated.
MALE (figs. 1-4). Head (fig. 2) conspicuous, wider than long, with temples slightly produced and bearing two long widely spaced setae in addition to several short setae. Rest of chaetotaxy moderately developed. Anterior margin of head convex, interrupted by small notch on each side, thus defining a clypeal region.
1 This paper was submitted under the sponsorship of G. B. Fairchild.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 25
Lateral margins devoid of a notch, with most anterior area subangular. Labial palpus short, provided with several minute setae. Maxillary palpus about twice the length of labial palpus, also bearing a few minute setae. Preantennal ventral proc- esses blunt, heavily sclerotized. Each antenna short, concealed in large, deep ventral fossa. Basal antennal segment very small, apparently without setae; sec- ond segment semitriangular, with two short setae on outer margin, besides one inner seta; third segment globular, with few minute setae. Prothorax smaller than pterothorax, suggesting an hexagonal shield having several setae of variable length. Pterothorax notably wide, showing subangular lateral margins, provided with various setae. Thoracic spiracles conspicuous. Thoracic sternal plates (fig. 3) distinct, the last three united, armed with well distributed setae. All legs stout, typical of genus, moderately clothed with setae. Abdomen ovate, slightly elongate, showing indented lateral margins. Tergal and sternal abdominal plates prominent, those of first segment with two rows of setae, remaining plates with one row. Pleural plates particularly well defined on segments 2-4, containing several strong setae. Genitalia (fig. 4) simple, characterized by broad basal plate having anterior portion considerably expanded into a blade of sinuate margins, expanded at its rounded apex. Each paramere short, ending in slender tip turned upward, bearing short subapical seta. Pseudopenis well developed, Y-shaped, with basal arm very short, open at tip. Ejaculatory sac delicate, membranous, covered with fine microspicules.
FEMALE.—In general morphology and chaetotaxy similar to the male, from which it differs in its sexual characters and larger size. Female genital region (fig. 5) apparently limited to last two abdominal segments. Caudal segment pro- vided with two long caudo-marginal setae on each side, the outermost the longest. Genitalia fundamentally contained in this segment, characterized by broad genital armature with convex anterior margin and sclerotized lateral margins. Basally this structure bears two gonopods which are near each other and possesses a group of gonopodal setae preceded by ventral setae of armature.
Types.—Holotype male (No. HTC-2425) from Laguna de la Cocha, Depto. de Narifio, Colombia, elevation 2700 m, 18 May, 1968; allotype female (HTC-2399), same data as holotype; 4 male and 18 female paratypes, same data as holotype; 1 female paratype from Comis, 38 km between Pasto and Sibundoy, Depto. de Putumayo, Colombia, elevation 3100 m, 25 May, 1968. All specimens examined collected by Dr. H. Trapido.
Lengths.—Male holotype, 1.27 mm; female allotype, 1.44 mm.
Type host—Thomasomys cinereiventer J. A. Allen, 1912.
Holotype and allotype will be deposited in the collection of the U.S. National Museum. Paratype specimens will be deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, and in the collections of Drs. Phyllis T. Johnson and Kk. C. Emerson. The rest of the paratypes
<
Fig. 1, Cummingsia inopinata, n. sp., dorsal-ventral view, holotype.
26 PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
4 5
Figs. 2-5, Cummingsia inopinata, n. sp.: 2, head, ¢ holotype; 3, thoracic ster- nal plates, ¢ holotype; 4, genitalia, ¢ holotype; 5, terminal abdominal segments, 2 allotype.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 27
will be maintained in the collection of the Gorgas Memorial Labora- tory.
Remarks.—An attempt to explain how Thomasomys cinereiventer, a rodent of the family Cricetidae, acquired the ectoparasite described in this paper, can be made with some reservations. At present very little is known about the habits of this mammal, which seems to have been usually trapped on the ground. Nevertheless, the finding by Dr. H. Trapido of three specimens of a true bird flea, Dasypsyllus galli- nulae, on three different individuals of T. cinereiventer at Cerro Mun- chique, Departamento del Cauca, Colombia, suggest the possibility that this rodent is at least partially arboreal. It might temporarily occupy tree holes or other sites containing bird nests, a source from which the mentioned fleas were probably obtained. Since most Amer- ican marsupials are arboreal or semi-arboreal, I am inclined to think that, in a similar manner, T. cinereiventer may have acquired the orig- inal stock from which the new species of Cummingsia under discussion was derived, many years ago from opossum nests.
REFERENCES
Ferris, G. F. 1922. The mallophagan family Trimenoponidae. Parasitology 14(1):75-86.
Hopkins, G. H. E. 1949. The host-associations of the lice of Mammals. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 119(2):387-604.
Werneck, F. L. 1937. Nova especie do genero Cummingisa (Mallophaga: Trimenoponidae). Memorias de Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 32(1):69-73.
1948. Os Malofagos do Mamiferos. Parte I. Amblycera e Ischno-
cera (Philopteridae e parte de Trichodectidae). 243 pp. Revista Brasil. Biol., Rio de Janeiro.
A NEW BALLOPHILUS FROM THE PHILIPPINES
(CHiLoPpopA : GEOPHILOMORPHA ; BALLOPHILIDAE )
R. E. Crasity, Jr., Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Instituticn Washington, D.C. 20560
ABSTRACT—Ballophilus comastes, n. sp., is described from Luzon, Philippines.
Ballophilus, as restricted by Attems in 19291, is currently known geo- graphically only sporadically. It has been recorded from sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, Southeast Asia, the Australian Region
1 Das Tierreich, Lief. 52, pp. 100-101, 1929.
28 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
including some adjacent islands and New Zealand, and in the Amer- icas only from Peru. The present new species extends the generic range (predictably I think) to include the Philippines. I suspect the genus probably occurs widely throughout the Old World Tropics, where its members have escaped capture commonly because of their diminutive size, furtive habits, and covert habitats. No doubt many unrecorded species await discovery.
The new species seems most to resemble Ribaut’s neocaledonicus?, from which it differs conspicuously as follows. In neocaledonicus: (1) pedal segments 61-79; (2) body suffused with green and purple. In comastes, new species: (1) pedal segments only 49; (2) body uni- formly yellowish, not suffused with green or purple.
Ballophilus comastes, n. sp.
Holotype: male. Philippines: Luzon, Mt. Makiling, Lagunas, 150 m. below summit. February 1968. Roger Morse, leg. Deposited in the U.S. National Museum.
GENERAL. Pedal segments 49. Length 15 mm. Anteriorly strongly attenuate. Color yellowish. Vestiture: moderately clothed with stiff robust setae.
ANTENNAE. Ultimate 6 articles strongly capitate and more densely shortly setose than those preceding. Special setae: on article 14 ectally and mesally a patch of hyaline clavate setae; dorsally on 13 with two robust setae; dorsally on 9 with three robust setae. CEPHALIC PLATE. Dorsally domed; no discernible frontal suture. CLYPEUS. Paraclypeal sutures complete, very wide and vague. On anterior quarter with a row of four setae, with two anteroclypeals. LABRUM. Greatly reduced, substantially atrophied. FIRST MAXILLAE. Medial lobes small, telopodites far exceeding them. All lappets absent. SECOND MAXILLAE. Isthmus anteromedially forming a strongly re-entrant angle. Telopodite robust; each article wider than long; dorsal and ventral condyles present; claw broad, delicately bipectinate. PREHENSOR. Flexed, not exceeding anterior head mar- gin. Denticles absent. Poison calyx small, cordiform, in tibiid. Poison gland ex- tending posteriorly beyond prefemur. Pleurograms absent. TERGITES. Not granulate. STERNITES. All much longer than wide. Most posterocentrally with a small elliptically transverse raised porefield, this absent on Ist and penult, hence porefields on 2 through 47; those of anterior body third subcircular, less elliptical than those preceding. LEGS. Anterior and posterior parungues equal, short, 14 as long as claw. ULTIMATE PEDAL SEGMENT. Pretergite bilaterally fissate. Tergite greatest width exceeds length. Presternite medially divided. Sternite greatest width exceeds length; sides and rear straight. Each coxopleuron with two homogeneous crypts. Legs greatly inflated. Tarsus double. Pretarsus seti- form, long. With large setigerous alveoli as follows: one on coxopleuron, one on trochanter, one on prefemur, two on femur, two on tibia, one on first tarsus, two on second tarsus. POSTPEDAL SEGMENTS. Male gonopods each uni- segmental. Without discernible anal pores.
2 Forschung in N. Caledonien u. Loyalty Inseln, 3(1), p. 77, 1923.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 29
A REPORT ON THE TETRANYCHIDAE OF PARAGUAY
( ACARINA )
BRAULIO RAMON ARANDA C., Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia, Asuncion, Paraguay
and
Carios H. W. FLECHTMANN, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz’, University of Sado Paulo, Piracicaba, Sdo Paulo, Brasil
ABSTRACT—An annotated list of tetranychid mites collected in Paraguay is presented.
Very little is known about the plant feeding mites in Paraguay. There are three references, Alvarez, et al. (1955), Nickel (1958) and Knorr, et al. (1968), and one general paper by Aranda (1969), which was presented as a thesis to the Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, of the Universidade de Sao Paulo, in Piracicaba. Since this paper is not widely distributed, it has been thought best to bring the literature up to date, even though much work is yet to be done on Paraguayan plant mites. The classification presented by Tuttle and Baker (1968) is used.
Bryobia praetiosa Koch
Bryobia praetiosa Koch, 1836:8; Pritchard and Baker, 1955:26; Tuttle and Baker, 1968:60.
This species was recorded by Alvarez, et al. (1955) from orchards.
Monoceronychus linki Pritchard and Baker Monoceronychus linki Pritchard and Baker, 1955:92.
This species is only known to occur in Florida on grasses. One single trito- nymph was found on sugar cane.
Eutetranychus banksi (McGregor )
Tetranychus banksi McGregor, 1914:358. Eutetranychus banksi; Pritchard and Baker, 1955:115.
This species is known from Texas and Florida, and southward through Central and South America. In Paraguay it has been collected on citrus where it is ap- parently not yet a pest. It has also been collected from Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil., papaya (Carica papaya L.) and Melia azedarach Blanco.
30 PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Figs. 1-6, aedaeagi of Tetranychidae: 1, Oligonychus (Oligonychus) coffeae (Niet.); 2, O. (Pritchardinychus) psidii Flecht.; 3, Tetranychus (Tetranychus ) ludeni Zach.; 4, T. (T.) andrei B. & P.; 5, T. (T.) mexicanus (McG.); 6, T. (T.) paraguayensis Aranda.
Aponychus spinosus ( Banks )
Tetranychopsis spinosa Banks, 1909:134. Eutetranychus spinosus: McGregor, 1950:197. Aponychus spinosus: Tuttle and Baker, 1968:82.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 31
Previously known from Canada and the U.S., this species has been collected from citrus in Paraguay. It was also collected from the same host in Sao Paulo, Brasil.
Aponychus sechultzi ( Blanchard )
Anychus schultzi Blanchard, 1940:24. Eutetranychus schultzi: Pritchard and Baker, 1955:115. Aponychus schultzi: Tuttle and Baker, 1968:82.
This species, previously recorded from Argentina and Brasil, has been collected from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Cycas revoluta Bedd.
Mononychus tanajoa ( Bondar)
Tetranychus tanajoa Bondar, 1938:443. Mononychus tanajoa: Flechtmann and Baker, 1970:160.
This species is distinctive in having short dorsal setae and no reticulate pattern on the dorsum of the propodosoma, and was previously known from Brasil. It has been collected from Manihot utilissima Pohl. in Paraguay.
Mononychus planki (McGregor )
Tetranychus planki McGregor, 1950:300. Eotetranychus planki: Pritchard and Baker, 1955:148. Mononychus planki: Tuttle and Baker, 1968:105.
The distinctive character for this species is the reticulate pattern on the medio- dorsal portion of the propodosoma as well as broad areas around the dorsal hysterosomal setae with the integument irregularly dotted. The dorsal hystero- somal setae are as long as the intervals between their bases.
M. planki has been collected from cotton (Gossypium barbadense ).
Eotetranychus unecatus Garman Eotetranychus uncatus Garman, 1952, in Pritchard and Baker, 1955:183.
This species, known from the U.S. and Mexico, has been collected from peach, causing considerable leaf damage.
Oligonychus (Oligonychus) coffeae ( Nietner )
Acarus coffeae Nietner, 1861, in Nietner and Green, 1880:19. Oligonychus coffeae: Pritchard and Baker, 1955:315.
This species was described from Ceylon, and has been recorded from several hosts from Florida, South Africa and Australia.
Females of O. coffeae were collected from coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.).
Oligonychus (Oligonychus) ilicis (McGregor)
Tetranychus ilicis McGregor, 1917:586. Oligonychus ilicis: Pritchard and Baker, 1955:305.
This species, known as a pest of several ornamentals in the U.S. and Japan, and of coffee in Brasil, has been collected from Psidium guajava Raddi.
32 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Oligonychus (Pritchardinychus) psidii Flechtmann
Oligonychus psidii Flechtmann 1967:40. Oligonychus (Pritchardinychus) psidii: Flechtmann and Baker, 1970:157.
O. psidii is only known from its type locality, in Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brasil. It has been collected from Psidium guajava Raddi and Pointiana regia Boj. in Paraguay.
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) desertorum Banks
Tetranychus desertorum Banks, 1900:76; Pritchard and Baker, 1955:403; Tuttle and Baker, 1968:126.
This is a widespread species in North and South America, and was first col- lected in Paraguay by Nickel (1958). It has been collected from cotton, yerba mate, Melia azedarach Blanco, castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), Manihot sp., Vicia fava L., Hordeum vulgare L., Campomanesia rhombea Berg., Citrullus vul- garis Schrad, and Eucaliptus spp.
Flechtmann and Baker (1970) stated that the head of the aedaeagus of T. desertorum from Brasil is much smaller than that of those from Texas. In the paraguayan specimens we found both types, with “normal” and small aedaeagus, occurring on different hosts and different localities.
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) ludeni Zacher
Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, 1913:40; Pritchard and Baker, 1955:405.
This species, which in Brasil occurs mainly on beans and cotton, was collected from papaya, peaches, grapes and Manihot sp.
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) andrei Baker and Pritchard
Tetranychus andrei Baker and Pritchard, 1960:534.
This species, originally described from a legume from Africa, was collected on banana leaves (Musa cavendishi Lambert ).
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) mexicanus (McGregor )
Septanychus mexicanus McGregor, 1950:33. Tetranychus mexicanus: Pritchard and Baker, 1955:411.
From South America this species was previously known from Argentina and Brasil. The more important hosts in Paraguay are cotton, citrus, peaches, papaya, avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and yerba mate.
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) paraguayensis Aranda Tetranychus paraguayensis Aranda, 1969:28.
This species belongs to Tetranychus (Tet.) s. str. in that the striae form a diamond shaped pattern between the third and fourth pairs of dorsocentral setae.
The proximal duplex setae on tarsus I is distal to the four proximal tactile setae. The terminal sensillum of the palpus of the female is strong and about 1.5 times as long as broad. Peritreme strongly recurved distally.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 33
In the male the terminal sensillum of the palpus is slender and long, about 2.5 times as long as broad. The aedaeagus is unique, as shown in the drawing. This species has been collected from citrus and papaya.
Tetranychus (Tetranychus) urticae Koch
Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836: Fasc. 1; Tuttle and Baker, 1968:129. Tetranychus telarius ( Linn.) of various authors.
The common green two-spotted spider mite was found on Manihot sp. and corn (Zea mays L.).
REFERENCES
Alvarez, L. A., et al. 1955. Curso de Fitopatologia y Entomologia Agricola. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaria, Servicio Tecnico Interamericano y Co- operacion Agricola. Boletin no. 117, tomo I. Asuncion, Paraguay. 228 pp., mimeogr.
Aranda, B. R. 1969. Contribuicao para o conhecimento de acaros de plantas do Paraguay. M.S. Thesis, Piracicaba, August 1969. 41 pp.
Baker, E. W. and A. E. Pritehard. 1960. The tetranychoid mites of Africa. Hilgardia 29( 11) :455-574.
Bondar, G. 1938. Notas entomologicas da Bahia. II. Rev. Ent. Brasil 9(3-4): 441-449,
Flechtmann, C. H. W. and E. W. Baker. 1970. A preliminary report on the Tetranychidae of Brasil. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 63(1):156-163.
Knorr, L. C., et al. 1968. Occurrence of Brevipalpus mites, leprosis and false leprosis on citrus in Florida. Fla. Ent. 51(1):11-17.
Nickel, J. L. 1958. Agricultural insects of the Paraguayan Chaco, J. Econ. Ent. 51(5) :633-637.
Pritchard, A. E., and E. W. Baker. 1955. A revision of the spider mite family Tetranychidae. Pac. Coast Ent. Soc. Mem. 2:472 pp.
Tuttle, D. M. and E. W. Baker. 1968. Spider mites of the southwestern United States. Univ. Ariz. Press, 143 pp.
34 PROC. ENT. SOC, WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
NEW NEOTROPICAL SANDFLIES OF THE CULICOIDES DEBILIPALPIS GROUP’
(DreTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE )
Wiis W. Wirtu, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture?
and
FRANKLIN S. BLANTON, Department of Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32601
ABSTRACT—Three new species of Neotropical Culicoides are described: C. eadsi reared from tree holes in Texas and Mexico; C. darlingtonae taken in a bat cave in Trinidad; and C. guerrai from light traps in Trinidad. Diagnostic characters of C. debilipalpis Lutz and C. hoffmani Fox are summarized for com- parison with these species.
At this time we are describing several new Culicoides related to C. debilipalpis Lutz in order to make the names available for general re- views of the biting midges of the West Indies and Trinidad. We wish to thank Miss Linda Heath and Dr. Niphan Ratanaworabhan for mak- ing the drawings.
Antennal Ratio (abbreviated AR) is the combined length of the five elongated distal antennomeres (for convenience hereafter referred to as segments ) divided by the combined length of the eight short preced- ing segments. Palpal Ratio (PR) is the length of the third palpal seg- ment divided by its greatest breadth. Proboscis/Head Ratio (P/H Ratio) is the length of the proboscis measured from the distal end of the labrum-epipharynx to the anterior margin of the tormae, divided by the length measured from the anterior margin of the tormae to the median hair socket between the eyes. Wing length is measured from the basal arculus to the wing tip; Costal Ratio (CR) is the length of the costa measured from the basal arculus to the tip of the second radial cell (2RC) divided by the wing length.
Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz
Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz, 1913, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 5:60 (female; Brazil; figure wing); Costa Lima, 1937, idem. 32:415 (figure palpus); Macfie, 1937, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 20:7 (Trinidad; female redescribed); Forattini, 1957, Arq. Fac. Hig. S. Pub. Univ. Sio Paulo 11:383 (redescribed; figures ); Wirth and Blanton, 1959, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 109:442 (redescribed; figures ).
‘This investigation was supported in part by U.S. Army Medical Department Contract No. DA-49-193-MD-2177. 2 Mail address: c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 35
The precise identity of C. debilipalpis has been subject to consider- able confusion in the literature because of the lack of a description of a male from the type series. Lutz original syntypes came from “some females and a male from Anhemby in the State of Sao Paulo and I collected others in Formoso (Serra de Bocaina) in evenings on horses. They also seem to attack man.” Costa Lima figured the palpus “from a specimen of the typical series, from Saltos de Iguassu (Parana).” Apparently Lutz studied material from localities not mentioned orig- inally by him. Wirth and Blanton reported on the characters of four females from “Amazonas de Cima, 1913, Lutz’ borrowed from the Lutz collection in the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
Lutz’ figure of the wing of C. debilipalpis shows a very hairy wing with two rows of macrotrichia extending to the base of the cell M2, the distal pale spot in cell R5 distinctly transverse, the poststigmatic pale spots with the posterior one located slightly proximad of the anterior, and a large pale area extending from in front of the mediocubital fork to the back side of the medial fork. Costa Lima’s two figures of the female palpus show a sensory pit deeper than the diameter of the pore opening. Wirth and Blanton (1. c.) added the following information from the four females studied by them: Wing length, 0.68 mm; CR 0.62; eyes broadly separated, with short interfacetal hairs; antenna with flagellar segments in proportion of 14-10-11-12-13-13-13-13-13-14- 15-16-22, AR 0.81; distal sensory tufts present on segments 3, 8-10; palpal segments in proportion of 8-17-22-9-11, PR 2.2; mandible with 18-20 teeth; spermathecae measuring 0.050 by 0.034 mm and 0.043 by 0.037 mm. Forattini’s redescription appears to be partly of C. debili- palpis as recognized here, and partly of C. hoffmani Fox (male geni- talia, after Wirth and Blanton 1956), and C. equatoriensis Barbosa (figure of wing), which together with C. glabrior Macfie he reduced to synonymy with C. debilipalpis. Following the conclusions reached in our Panama revision, we would amplify or emend our own observa- tions of Lutz material to characterize the species as follows, the mea- surements based on means of about 35 specimens.
Female——Moderately small, wing 0.80 mm long. Eyes moderately separated, with very short interfacetal hairs, appearing bare in profile of eye. AR 0.83; dis- tal sensory tufts present on antennal segments 3, 8-10. Third palpal segment long and slender, PR 2.2, the sensory pit small and deep, with pit deeper than the diameter of the pore opening. Mandible with 15 teeth. Scutum with moderately prominent dark brown sublateral patches. Halter brownish. Wing moderately hairy, the macrotrichia extending to base of cell M2 in two rows; distal pale spot in cell R5 transverse, not filling space between anterior wing margin and vein M1, the poststigmatic pale spots fairly close together, the posterior one located slightly proximad of the other; one pale spot in distal part of anal cell; pale spot lying behind medial fork distinct but the one lying in front of mediocubital fork indis- tinct or absent. Legs with narrow pale rings subapically on fore and mid femora,
36 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
subbasal pale rings on all tibiae; apex of hind tibia pale. Spermathecae slightly unequal, ovoid with long, rather stout necks; measuring 0.060 by 0.039 mm and 0.050 by 0.032 mm.
Male.—Ninth sternum with broad, very shallow caudomedian excavation; ninth tergum long and tapering with short, triangular apicolateral processes. Basistyle with “foot-shaped” ventral root, dorsal root slender; dististyle slender and curv- ing. Aedeagus with basal arch extending to more than two-thirds of total length, the mesal apex of arch narrow, the basal arms straight; distal process pointed apically without apparent subapical projections. Parameres each with knobbed base, stem bent near base, very slender and straight in midportion, with a well developed ventral lobe; distal portion not greatly elongated, with slender pointed tip and 4-6 lateral fringing spines.
Our association of the male is based on rearing records in the south- eastern United States and on specimens trapped at the same time and place in numerous locations over the range of the species. The male genitalia are identical with those of C. paraensis (Goeldi), which the species closely resembles in all respects except the wing pattern, and there is a distinct possibility that the two forms are wing pattern pheno- types of the same species, in which case C. paraensis has priority.
C. debilipalpis occurs in the southeastern United States from Mary- land to Florida and Louisiana, in Central America from Honduras to Panama and in South America to Trinidad, Brazil, and Argentina. In Texas and Mexico this species is apparently replaced by C. eadsi, new species, and in the West Indies by C. hoffmani Fox.
Culicoides hoffmani Fox
Culicoides hoffmani Fox, 1946, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 39:251 (female; Trinidad; biting man; fig. wing, scutal pattern); Fox, 1949, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 44: 29 (male, female; Puerto Rico, reared, tree hole; fig. palpus, spermathecae, male genitalia); Wirth and Blanton, 1956, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci. 46:189 (male, female redescribed; distribution; fig. wing, scutum, palpus, spermathecae, tibial comb, male genitalia); Linley and Kettle, 1964, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 13, 7:129 (Jamaica; larva, pupa; figs. ).
Our separation of the female of C. hoffmani from that of C. debili- palpis is made on the basis of the following characterization of females
of C. hoffmani from Puerto Rico and Jamaica, where C. debilipalpis does not occur:
Female.—Slightly smaller than C. debilipalpis, wing 0.76 mm long. Eyes mod- erately separated, with longer interfacetal hairs than in C. debilipalpis. Third palpal segment shorter and broader, PR 1.6. Wing not as hairy, the macrotrichia in cell M2 rarely extending to base of cell, usually confined to apical half of wing; poststigmatic pale spots in cell R5 usually more widely separated and not so obliquely located. Spermathecae subequal to very slightly unequal, measuring 0.048 by 0.034 mm and 0.043 by 0.031 mm.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 3”
So eae ai ia =n a
Fig. 1, Culicoides eadsi, n. sp.: a, female antenna; b, female wing; c, female eye separation; d, female palpus; e, female hind femur and tibia; f, female spermathecae; g, male parameres; h, male genitalia, parameres removed.
Male.—Genitalia quite distinctive: Aedeagus with basal arms relatively stout, distal portion stout with three strongly sclerotized distal points. Parameres each with slender midportion without ventral lobe.
Distribution —Dominica, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, Trinidad, Virgin Islands.
Culicoides eadsi Wirth and Blanton, n. sp. (Fig. 1)
Female —Length of wing 0.81 mm.
Head: Eyes (fig. Ic) broadly separated, with short interfacetal hairs. An- tenna (fig. la) with lengths of flagellar segments in proportion of 25-20-22-25- 25-25-25-26-26-26-28-28-43, AR 0.78; no sharp increase in lengths of segments in distal series; distal sensory tufts prominent, located on segments 3, 8-10. Palpal segments (fig. 1d) with lengths in proportion of 15-30-42-13-15, PR 2.8; third segment moderately swollen, with a small, deep sensory pit opening by a round pore. Proboscis moderately long, P/H Ratio 0.83; mandible with 15 teeth.
Thorax: Brownish, scutum as seen in slide mounted specimens without con- spicuous pattern. Legs brown, knee spots blackish; fore and mid femora with narrow subapical pale rings, all tibiae with narrow subbasal pale rings, and hind tibia with distal fourth pale; hind tibial comb with four spines, the second from the spur longest (fig. le).
38 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Wing (fig. 1b): Pattern as figured; distal pale spot in cell R5 transverse, the two poststigmatic pale spots separated, the posterior one located slightly proximad of the other; distal pale spot in anal cell slightly angular; distinct pale spots present behind medial fork and in front of mediocubital fork. CR 0.57; 2 RC narrow but with distinct lumen; macrotrichia moderately numerous on distal half of wing and extending in a double line to base of cell M2. Halter dark.
Abdomen: Dark brown. Spermathecae (fig. 1f) unequal, measuring 0.052 by 0.030 mm and 0.042 by 0.025 mm, oval; the necks relatively long, stout, and slightly tapering.
Male.—Similar to the female, with the usual sexual differences, antennal plume well developed. Genitalia (fig. 1h): Ninth sternum with well developed caudo- median excavation, the ventral membrane not spiculate; ninth tergum moderately long and tapering, apicolateral processes short and angular with sharp apical point, the caudal margin between them slightly notched. Basistyle with ventral root “foot-shaped,” dorsal root slender and pointed; dististyle quite slender, only slightly curved, with bent, pointed tip. Aedeagus with basal arch extending to about half of total length, basal arms relatively stout and nearly straight; distal portion broad and stout, slightly tapered to broad truncated apex bearing five distal points, the median one distinctly larger and blunter. Parameres (fig. 1g) each with distinct basal knob, main portion long and slender, bent near base, with a distinct ventral lobe distally, distal portion abruptly bent ventromesad, tapering to slender point with 4—5 lateral fringing spines.
Distribution —Mexico, southern Texas.
Types.—Holotype female, allotype male, Cameron Co., Texas, 25 October 1964, R. B. Eads, reared from tree hole (Type no. 70639, USNM). Paratypes, 40 males, 55 females, same data but also with dates June to October 1963, some with associated larvae and pupae.
Other Specimens Examined—MEXICO: Acaponeta, Nayarit, 15 August 1960, Arnaud, Ross and Rentz, biting man, 7 females; Alamos (5 mi w), Sonora, 14 August 1959, Werner and Nutting, light trap, 2 females; El Salto, San Luis Potosi, G. W. Byers, biting man, 10 females; Hermosillo, Sonora, 8 August 1960, Arnaud, Ross and Rentz, biting man, 4 females; Merida, Yucatan, 31 July 1964, P. J. Spangler, light trap, 8 males, 32 females; Perico (26 mi n), Sonora, 13 August 1960, Arnaud, Ross and Rentz, biting man, 3 females.
Discussion.—This species is named in honor of Dr. Richard B. Eads of the U.S. Public Health Service who has collected Culicoides for us extensively in the Brownsville area of the Texas Rio Grande Valley. The several reared series of C. eadsi has helped us immensely in clarify- ing the taxonomic status of C. debilipalpis Lutz, C. hoffmani Fox, and this seemingly intermediate species.
Culicoides eadsi is intermediate in female characters between C. debilipalpis which has a slender third palpal segment, spermathecae un- equal in size, more abundant wing macrotrichia, and more obliquely placed poststigmatic pale spots, and C. hoffmani, in which the third palpal segment is shorter and broader, the spermathecae subequal in
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 39
size, both small, the wing macrotrichia sparser, and the poststigmatic pale spots usually located further apart and more in line transversely. The male genitalia of C. eadsi are practically identical with those of C. hoffmani, but the latter species lacks the ventral lobe on the para- meres. The relative development and ventrally bent position of the sublateral pair of distal points on the aedeagus is subject to some varia- tion in both C. hoffmani and C. eadsi, and in both species individuals are often found in which only three prominent distal points are ap- parent. The pupal respiratory horn of C. eadsi is practically identical with that described for C. hoffmani by Linley and Kettle (1964, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 13, 7:129-149).
The available data show that this species is apparently allopatric with the closely related C. debilipalpis and C. hoffmani. C. debili- palpis has a wide range, in the eastern United States from Maryland to Florida and Louisiana, then skipping Texas and Mexico and ap- pearing again from Honduras through Central and South America and Trinidad to Argentina. C. hoffmani is found in the West Indies from Jamaica and Puerto Rico south to Trinidad and appearing again in Panama. Much of the published distribution of these two species has been confused by possibly erroneous determinations of the females which are very difficult to separate and apparently overlap somewhat in the ranges of some characters. The above distribution includes only localities represented by males which can be easily distinguished. The females of all three species readily bite man, and the males are seldom taken except by light traps and treehole rearings. Therefore much of the distribution must remain questionable until documented by male records.
Culicoides darlingtonae Wirth and Blanton, n. sp. (Fig. 2)
Female.—Length of wing 0.86 mm.
Head: Eyes (fig. 2c) narrowly separated, with short interfacetal hairs. An- tenna (fig. 2a) with lengths of flagellar segments in proportion of 22-18-22-27- 27-27-28-28-29-30-32-30-50, AR 0.86, segments thus in a continuous series of gradually increasing lengths; distal sensory tufts present on segments 3, 8-10. Palpal segments (fig. 2d) with lengths in proportion of 10-25-30-12-13, PR 2.1; third segment considerably swollen its entire length, with a shallow, round sen- sory pit. Proboscis moderately short, P/H Ratio 0.76; mandible with 16 very fine teeth.
Thorax: Dark brown, scutal pattern not discernible in slide specimens. Legs brown, knee spots blackish, all tibiae with narrow basal pale rings; hind tibial comb with four spines, the one nearest the spur longest.
Wing (fig. 2b): Pattern as figured; second radial cell included in a dark spot to its apex; pale spot lying over r-m crossvein large and extending to costal margin; cell R5 with two slightly contiguous poststigmatic pale spots, the posterior one located slightly proximad, a large transverse pale spot in distal portion of cell, broadly meet-
40 PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Fig. 2, Culicoides darlingtonae, n. sp.: a, female antenna; b, female wing; c, female eye separation; d, female palpus; e, female spermathecae; f, male para- meres; g, male genitalia, parameres removed.
ing anterior wing margin and distinctly concave on distal side; cell M1 with two pale spots; cell M2 with small pale spot lying behind medial fork and another in front of mediocubital fork, a large rounded pale spot at wing margin; cell M4 with a large pale spot in distal portion; anal cell with a double pale spot in dis- tal portion; apices of veins M1, M2, M3 + 4 and Cul without pale spots at wing margin. CR 0.61; 2RC with narrow lumen; macrotrichia sparse, mostly in rows, confined to distal third of wing. Halter infuscated.
Abdomen: Blackish. Spermathecae (fig. 2e) two plus rudimentary third and sclerotized ring; the two functional ones oval with long slender necks; slightly unequal, measuring 0.051 by 0.033 mm and 0.043 by 0.032 mm.
Male.—Similar to the female with the usual sexual differences; antennal plume well developed; sensory tufts present on antennal segments 3 and 12; last three segments with lengths in proportion of 60-50-60. Genitalia (fig. 2g): Ninth sternum with scarcely perceptible caudomedian excavation, the ventral membrane not spiculate; ninth tergum moderately long, tapering, with moderately long, pointed, apicolateral processes, the caudal margin between them nearly straight. Basistyle moderately stout, ventral root with posterior hook not well-developed, the anterior point moderately stout, dorsal root longer and more slender; dististyle slender, curving to bent, pointed tip. Aedeagus with basal arch broader than high, basal arms slender and curving; distal portion short and tapering to simple tip, flanked by a pair of appressed, lateral leaves. Parameres (fig. 2£) each with strong basal knob, slender and nearly straight in midportion, with a low ventral lobe near tip, beyond which it is greatly narrowed and twisted ventromesad to filamentous tip without fringing spines.
Distribution.—Trinidad.
Types.—Holotype female, allotype male, Tamana Caves, Trinidad, 17 November 1966, Johanna Darlington (Type no. 70643, USNM). Paratypes, 9 males, 12 females, same data.
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Discussion —This species is dedicated to Miss Johanna Darling- ton of the University of the West Indies in St. Augustine, Trinidad, who collected the type series. She writes: “They appear in fairly large numbers (150-700 in an hour) in light trap samples from both upper and deep parts of the main cave. Both parts contain dense bat roosts and beds of guano. We have tried unsucessfully to rear the flies from samples of moist guano. Small stagnant pools in the upper part have yielded numerous psychodids but no ceratopogonids. I think that moist guano is the more likely breeding site, as there is no stagnant water in the deep part. I have no evidence as to whether or not the adult flies take blood from the bats, but they do not attempt to bite humans.”
C. darlingtonae is closely related to C. debilipalpis Lutz and C. hoff- mani Fox, both of which are common in Trinidad in the forest. The wing is not as hairy as in debilipalpis, and the distal pale spot in cell R5 reaches the anterior wing margin and is concave on the distal side; the third palpal segment is broader, much as in hoffmani. The male genitalia can readily be distinguished by the short aedeagus with broad basal arch and the very short distal process with appressed lateral leaves, the parameres are much as in debilipalpis, but the slender distal portion is more tightly twisted and appressed to the ventral lobe and there are no fringing distal spines.
Culicoides guerrai Wirth and Blanton, n. sp. (Fig. 3)
Female.—Length of wing 0.95 mm.
Head: Eyes (fig. 3c) narrowly separated, nearly contiguous, with short inter- facetal hairs. Antenna (fig. 3a) with lengths of flagellar segments in proportion of 30-25-28-30-30-30-30-32-32-33-35-32-60, AR 0.83; segments long, slender, tapering, in nearly a continuous series of gradually increasing lengths, penultimate segment unusually short; distal sensory tufts present on segments 3, 8-10 (2 each), with strong fringing setae. Palpal segments (fig. 3d) with lengths in proportion of 10-25-38-12-12, PR 2.1; third segment considerably swollen, with a round, shallow sensory pit. Proboscis short, P/H Ratio 0.67; mandible with 15 teeth.
Thorax: Dark brown, scutal pattern not discernible in slide specimens. Legs brown, knee spots blackish; tibiae with narrow basal and hind tibia with apical pale bands; hind tibial comb with four spines, the second from the spur longest.
Wing (fig. 3b): Pattern as figured; second radial cell included in a very dark spot to its apex; pale spot over r-m crossvein extending to costal margin; cell R5 with a small round poststigmatic pale spot lying at tip of 2RC, and a contiguous, longitudinal, arcuate pale spot lying just behind 2RC, a small, transverse pale spot in distal part of cell not meeting anterior wing margin; cell M1 with two pale spots; cell M2 with a faint pale spot lying behind medial fork but none lying in front of mediocubital fork, a small round pale spot lying at wing margin in tip of cell; cell M4 with a small round pale spot in distal portion; anal cell with a single pale spot in distal portion; apices of veins M1, M2, M3 + 4 and Cul without
42, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Fig. 3, Culicoides guerrai, n. sp.: a, female antenna; b, female wing; c, fe- male eye separation; d, female palpus; e, female spermathecae; f, male parameres; g, male genitalia, parameres removed.
pale spots at wing margin. CR 0.62; 2RC with moderately broad lumen; macro- trichia strong but moderately sparse, confined to distal third of wing. Halter brownish.
Abdomen: Dark brown. Spermatheca (fig. 3e) single, oval with a long slender sclerotized neck; measuring 0.072 by 0.038 mm.
Male.—Similar to the female with the usual sexual differences; antennal plume well developed, brownish; sensory tufts present on antennal segments 3, 10-12, last three segments with lengths in proportion of 56-48-60. Genitalia (fig. 3g): Ninth sternum with broad, deep, caudomedian excavation, the ventral membrane not spiculate; ninth tergum long and tapering, apicolateral processes small, slen- der and pointed, the caudal margin between them nearly straight. Aedeagus with basal arch extending to about two-fifths of total length, the basal arms slightly curved; distal portion a long, slightly tapering process with bifid tip, the apical points sharp and slightly flaring, also a pair of small, sharp, subapical lateral points, and a small, sharp, median point at tip. Parameres (fig. 3f) each with strong basal knob, midportion quite slender and distinctly curved, swollen at about midlength or slightly past, bent caudad at the swelling and narrowed, then twisted ventromesad and drawn out into a filamentous tip.
Distribution Trinidad.
Types.—Holotype male, Tucker Valley, Trinidad, 10 August 1956, T. H. G. Aitken, light trap (Type no. 70644, USNM). Allotype fe- male, same except 22 November 1957. Paratypes, 4 males, 9 females, as follows: TRINIDAD: Same data as type, some with date October 1955, 3 males, 5 females; Chaguaramas Naval Station, 2 November 1956, 1 female; Macqueripe Naval Station, 27 October 1955, 11 January 1956, 14 February 1958, 25 April 1958, 1 male, 3 females; all collected by T. H. G. Aitken in light traps.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 43
Discussion.—This species is named for Mr. Ambrose Guerra of the Trinidad Virus Research Laboratory of the Rockefeller Foundation in appreciation for his collection of much of the Trinidad material studied by Dr. Aitken and ourselves.
Culicoides guerrai differs from the other known species of the debili- palpis group in the presence of the arcuate longitudinal poststigmatic pale spot in cell R5 of the wing. The male genitalia are also very dis- tinctive in the unusual shapes of the aedeagus and parameres.
NEW HYMENOPTERAN ENEMIES OF ANTHIDIUM MACULOSUM CRESSON
(HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE )
Leucospis affinis Say is known to be a parasite of Anthidium maculosum Cresson (Parker and Bohart, 1966, Pan-Pac. Ent. 42(2):91-98). Two newly associated enemies of A. maculosum were reared by Schuh (pers. comm.) from several wooden trap-nest blocks set out in 1964 at Montague, Siskiyou County, California.
Each block was made of seven 2 cm thick wooden boards bolted together to form a finished size of 14 x 36 x 9 cm. Approximately 90 holes of 0.47 to 0.95 cm diameter were drilled to a depth of 7.6 cm. The mixed hole sizes were evenly spaced in a linear pattern six holes down and 17 or 18 holes across the face of the nest block. They were fastened to fence posts and other upright objects 0.90-1.20 m off the ground. Approximately 150 A. maculosum and 10 specimens of the following two newly associated parasites were reared from these blocks.
Determinations were made by Drs. R. M. Bohart (Chrysis), A. A. Grigarick ( Anthidium ), University of California, Davis, and me (Dioxys). I wish to thank Joe Schuh, Klamath Falls, Oregon, for setting out and collecting the trap-nest blocks, and for rearing the insects. All specimens are in his personal collection.
Dioxys aurifusea (Titus) (Megachilidae)—One specimen of this parasitic bee was reared from a nest of A. maculosum. Hurd (1958, Univ. Calif. Pub. Ent. 14(4):275-302) stated that Cockerell recorded D. aurifusca found at Golden, Colorado in a nest of cottony tomentum, evidently made by a species of Anthidium. However, this was an unconfirmed association. The rearing record from Montague, California now confirms the relationship. Hurd also suggested a probable affilia- tion between D. aurifusca and Callanthidium illustre (Cresson). Because of the large size of the parasitic bee, its comparable distribution with Callanthidium, and the similar nesting habits of Anthidium and Callanthidium, this association is possible but unconfirmed.
Chrysis tripartita Aaron (Chrysididae )—Nine specimens of this chrysidid were also reared from nests of A. maculosum by Schuh. Grigarick and Stange (1968, Bull. Calif. Ins. Surv. 9:1—113) listed this species and C. coloradica Bohart as parasites of A. collectum Huard. They also listed C. florissanticola Rohwer as a parasite of A. banningense Cockerell. Custer (1928, Ent. News 39:123-125) recorded A. porterae Cockerell as a host for C. lauta Cresson. These four chrysidid species are in the lauta group of Chrysis, as defined by Bohart (1964, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 77:223-236 )—DonaLp S. Horninc, Jr., Department of Zoology, Uni- versity of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
44 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
A NEW GENUS OF ORIBATID MITE (CRYPTOSTIGMATA: ORIBATELLIDAE )
WitiiAM B. Grasowsk1, Zoology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521
ABSTRACT—Ferolocella, n. gen., is proposed for Oribatella carolina Banks, 1947. This genus departs from Oribatella in having greatly reduced mesial dentes and the posterior reflection of the translamella to form a box. Other features which differ from those characteristic for Oribatella are discussed.
The family Oribatellidae as established by Jacot (1925) was partially reviewed by Woolley (1958) and this review completed by Grabowski (1967). During this investigation, I found a specimen identified by Banks (1947) as belonging to the type genus Oribatella. It was des- ignated Oribatella carolina Banks, 1947. Detailed study of the speci- mens has shown that this oribatid does not fit the characteristics set forth for the genus, although its inclusion in the Oribatellidae is valid.
Ferolocella, n. gen.
Type-species: Oribatella carolina Banks, 1947.
The translamella in this oribatid is reflected posteriorly under the dorsosejugal suture to form a box or cell-like structure. Certain modi- fications of the lamellae also set this representative apart from Oriba- tella.
The name is derived from the Latin feros, to bear or carry, and locella, a tiny box or cell.
Ferolocella carolina (Banks), n. comb.
(Figs. 1-6) Oribatella carolina Banks, 1947, Psyche 54(2):112.
Lamellar cusps broad, distinctly striated; lateral dentes pointed, mesal dentes greatly reduced and pointed; auxiliary dens (“aux,” fig. 3) arises laterally to mesal dens; lamellar cleft triangular posteriorly; lamellar hairs medium length, thin, barbed, originating between mesal and auxiliary dentes; interlamellar hairs thin, pectinate, extending just beyond tips of lateral dentes; lateral arms of trans- lamella reflected posteriorly and extending underneath dorsosejugal suture form- ing prominent cell-like configuration (figs. 2, 3); pseudostigmatic organ long, fusiform, barbed.
Hysterosoma broader than long, dorsum finely punctate; pteromorphs short, shallowly decurved, with finely striated anterolateral borders; eight pairs of short, simple setae, no porose areas (fig. 1).
Camerostome (fig. 2) rectangular in outline with curved posterolateral margins; one pair of mental setae, rutellar setae located in posterolateral corners (fig. 4);
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 4)
Figs. 1-3, Ferolocella carolina (Banks): 1, dorsal view, legs omitted, stipled area indicates fine punctations on dorsum of hysterosoma; 2, ventral view, legs omitted, dots indicate setal insertions; 3, detail of lamellar and translamella mor- phology (aux = auxiliary mesal dens).
46 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Figs. 4-6, Ferolocella carolina (Banks ) ments and their setation, and pl enlarged view of palp tarsus; 6, morphology of setae.
: 4, detail of infracapitulum, palp seg- acement of mental and rutellar setae; 5, greatly tibia and tarsus, leg I, showing placement and
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 47
adoral setae not visible on any specimens observed; chelicerae chelate; setation of pedipalp as given in fig. 4; palp tarsus with seven setae, solenidion placed an- teriorly (fig. 5).
Ventral surface of hysterosoma finely punctate; placement of coxisternal setae as given in fig. 2; coxisternal setae 2b-c not evident in any specimens examined; genital plate with six pairs of short, simple setae (fig. 2): gi and ge far anterior on leading edge of each cover, g; and g; anterior and in a line running obliquely laterad from ge, gs and ge posterior and in a line running obliquely mesad towards opening; one pair of short aggenital setae; anal plate with two pairs of setae, three pairs of adanal setae laterad and posterior to plate, fissure “iad” just anterior to each cover (fige2)):
All legs tridactylous, lateral tynes very thin; subtarsals, subinguinals, and in- guinals of tarsus one all distinctly barbed on one side, famulus setose and elongate (fig. 6).
Color, pale yellow; length, 275.5 «, width, 190.5 uw. Specimens supplied by Dr. Louis G. Metz, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. I collected four speci- mens five miles west of Huntington, Wayne County, West Virginia, 5 June 1967, in damp moss on a rock overhanging a seepage area, and in moist oak litter mixed with topsoil.
This species is not a valid member of the genus Oribatella for the following reasons: (1) the mesal dentes on each lamellar cusp are greatly reduced and spinous, (2) an auxiliary mesal dens is present, and (3) the translamella is reflected posteriorly to form a box con- figuration. Members of the genus Oribatella possess lamellar cusps which are deeply bifid, dentes which may be slightly subequal but neither mesal nor lateral dentes are greatly reduced in size, and a translamella that extends laterally and posteriorly from the lamellar cleft to the pseudostigmata without becoming reflected upon itself.
The apparent absence of adoral setae and coxisternal setae 2b-c cannot be explained at this time owing to lack of information concern- ing the developmental stages in this family. Reports concerning the presence or absence of porose areas in this family have been inconsist- ent throughout the literature (Grabowski, 1967). I consider the lateral displacement of the rutellar setae rather unusual when compared to the more central orientation of these setae in other members of the family.
REFERENCES
Banks, N. 1947. On some Acarina from North Carolina. Psyche 54(2):110- 141.
Grabowski, W. B. 1967. <A review of the family Oribatellidae (Acari: Crypto- stigmata). Ph.D. Thesis, Colorado State University. 131 p. (Diss. Abstr. #67-13,196).
Woolley, T. A. 1958. Redescriptions of Ewing’s Oribatid Mites, VII, Family Oribatellidae (Acarina: Oribatei). Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc. 77:135-146.
48 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
THE SUBGENUS TRITOLESTES GHESQUIERE OF THE GENUS CRYPTOCHETUM RONDANI WITH A NEW SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN
(DreTERA: CRYPTOCHETIDAE )
GrEorRGE C. STEYSKAL, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture!
ABSTRACT—The subgenus Tritolestes of the genus Cryptochetum is shown to consist of 5 species, 4 from Africa and C. (T.) ghanii, new species, from Karachi, Pakistan, and a key to the species is given.
The family Cryptochetidae consists of the single genus Cryptochetum Rondani (1875:167). The name of the genus has usually been spelled Cryptochaetum, but Rondani’s original spelling on page 167 and in the index on page 190 was with the simple “e”, although on page 172 it is spelled Cryptochoetum. Ghesquiére (1942:405) established the sub- genus Tritolestes for species with the frontal triangle acutely pointed anteriorly and not attaining the frontal margin. He included the 2 species C. melanum Ghesquicre and C. aspidoprocti Ghesquiere and designated the former as type of the subgenus. The name melanum should be emended to melan because the gender forms of that adjective are melas (masc.), melaena (fem.), and melan (neuter). In a paper that appeared only the year before Ghesquiere’s, Thorpe (1941) de- scribed 2 new species, C. striatum and C. idiocerum, without reference to subgenera. It is obvious however that those 2 species should be re- ferred to Tritolestes.
The following new species is very similar to the type of Tritolestes, and represents the first record of a species of that subgenus from out- side Africa.
Cryptochetum (Tritolestes) ghanii, n. sp.
(Figs. 1-4)
Female. Length of body 1.3-1.4 mm, of wing 1.07-1.18 mm. Color generally more or less shining black, only tarsi yellowish; thorax and frontal triangle with slight dark bluish glint; abdomen rather strongly metallic greenish to bluish; front outside triangle matt black; face and antenna grayish tomentose; wing hyaline; all bristles and hairs black.
Head as in figs. 1 and 2; frontal triangle abruptly narrowed forward to aculeate point not attaining anterior frontal margin; antenna 2.4 times as long as wide, elliptical, with subapical dorsal spinule; cheeks very narrow, scarcely apparent in profile, bearing several short bristles; eyes with short sparse hairs.
‘Mail address: c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 49
] mm ee
Figs. 1-4, Cryptochetum (Tritolestes) ghanii, n. sp.: 1, head in profile; 2, same, dorsal view; 3, lateral and ventral views of female postabdomen; 4, right
wing (dotted line indicates position of ta in one paratype).
Thorax as in most species of the genus; mesoscutum covered with rather dense short hairs, those in middle approximately 0.035 mm long. Legs without distinc- tive characters; tarsal segments of fore leg from base distad as 3.7, 1.3, 1.0, 0.8, ED
Wing as in fig. 4; tip of discal cell convex because tp is bent outward or at least somewhat retracted before meeting 5th vein; costa hardly surpassing tip of
50 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
3rd vein; length of tp not more than 1% that of last section of 5th vein; 3rd and Ath veins arcuate and divergent, their tips 2.3 times as far apart as width of sub- marginal cell at tp.
Abdomen without apparent distinctive characters; postabdomen as in fig. 3 (drawn in water from preparation macerated in NaOH solution).
Holotype and 5 paratypes, 2, Karachi, Pakistan, 13 August 1969 (M. A. Ghani), ex scale insect Icerya seychellarum (Westwood) on grass Cynodon dactylon Rich., no. 70849 in U.S. National Museum; right wings of holotype and 2 paratypes on microscope slides in euparal, postabdomen of holotype in glycerine in microvial attached to pin bearing remainder of specimen.
I am pleased to dedicate the name of the species to its collector. C. ghanii is apparently most similar to the type of the subgenus Tritolestes, C. melan Ghesquiere, differing as shown in the key below.
Key TO SpEcIES OF Cryptochetum SuBsGENus Tritolestes
1 (2) Area of front adjacent to frontal triangle with broad zone of fine striae parallel to margins of triangle; shortest distance between ocelli greater than shortest distance from ocellus to margin of triangle; 3rd antennal segment not tapering, with acute anterior apex, 2.3 times as long as wide, not attaining level of lower margin of eye; wing with costa extending to 4th vein, 3rd and 4th veins parallel distally, anterior distal corner of discal cell 110°, tp equal in length to last section of 5th vein; length of body 2.75 mm, of wing 1.9 mm SG eS a EE ee ee a ae ee C. striatum Thorpe
bo
(1) Front without striation; shortest distance between ocelli less than shortest distance from ocellus to margin of triangle; antenna rounded apically, either strongly tapering and extending below level of lower margin of eye or oval and not attaining level of lower margin of eye; wing venation and size various.
wy)
(4) Third antennal segment 3.6 times as long as wide, strongly tapering to narrow rounded tip ventrad of lower margin of eye; wing with costa extend- ing no more than slightly beyond 3rd vein, 3rd and 4th veins arcuate, gently diverging, anterior distal corner of discal cell rectangular, tp % length of last section of 5th vein; large species, body length 5 mm, wing length nearly £05 21) ¢ 1 pee a aR earn Mend Rey pa dene IRS 2 Dione Ee C. idiocerum Thorpe
4 (3) Third antennal segment oval or elliptical, not more than 2.5 times as long as wide, not attaining level of lower margin of eye; wing venation various; smaller species, length of body not more than 2.2 mm.
14
(6) Costa attenuate beyond tip of 3rd vein, but attaining 4th vein; 4th vein sinuate, distally parallel to 3rd vein; anterior distal corner of discal cell 130°; tp a little longer than last section of 5th vein; length of body 2.1-2.2
mm, of wing ? (known only from male) —---- C. aspidoprocti Ghesquiére
6 (5) Costa at most slightly exceeding 3rd vein; 3rd and 4th veins gently arcuate, divergent; anterior distal corner of discal cell approximately 100°; tp much shorter than last section of 5th vein; length of body not more than 1.6 mm (known only from females).
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 dl
7 (8) Tp ¥% length of last section of 5th vein; tip of discal cell concave, lower corner acute; length of body 1.4-1.6 mm, of wing ? (Congo) —-_. ene ee es ee tS C. melan Ghesquiére
8 (7) Tp approximately 4 length of last section of 5th vein; tip of discal cell convex, lower corner obtuse; length of body 1.3-1.4 mm, of wing 1.07-1.18
mimameenastalebakistan)) f.-. 0 - 6 ws. C. ghanii, n. sp.
REFERENCES
Ghesquiére, J. 1942. Recherches sur les Diptéres d’Afrique. II. Notice mono- graphique sur les Muscoides Cryptochaetidae, parasites de Coccides Mono- phlebinae. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 36:390-410.
Rondani, C. 1875. Species italicae ordinis dipterorum (Muscariae Rndn. ) collectae et observatae. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 7: 166-191.
Thorpe, W. H. 1941. A description of six new species of the genus Crypto- chaetum (Diptera-Agromyzidae) from East Africa and East Indies; together with a key to the adults and larvae of all known species. Parasitology 33: 131-148.
A NOTE ON THE SYNONYMY OF ANTISSOPS DENTICULATA ENDERLEIN
(DirerERA: STRATIOMYIDAE )
In 1914, Enderlein erected the genus Antissops on the basis of a single male specimen from Costa Rica which he described as Antissops denticulata. Apparently Enderlein was unsure of the correct placement of this genus and after including it in the subfamily Pachygastrinae, he later (Enderlein, 1920) transferred it to the Beridinae. At this time he added a second species, Antissops barbiellinii, which had been previously described by Bezzi in 1908, as Allognosta barbiellinii.
In association with my studies on the Stratiomyidae of Mexico, I found a speci- men from the state of Chiapas in Mexico that had been identified as Antissops denticulata but which was remarkably similar to another species, Berismyia fusca, which had been described by Giglio-Tos in 1893.
With the gracious assistance of Frau A. Draber-Monko of the Institute of Zoology at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, I was able to determine that except for sexual differences, the type of Antissops denticulata and the specimen from Chiapas, Mexico, are conspecific and therefore, Antissops denticulata Enderlein must be considered as a junior synonym of Berismyia fusca Giglio-Tos.
On the basis of Enderlein’s illustration of the wing and antenna of Antissops barbiellinii (= Allognosta barbiellinii Bezzi) I am reasonably confident that this species is not congeneric with Antissops (= Berismyia) but final disposition must await examination of the holotype.
Information Paper, College of Agriculture, Washington State University. Work was conducted under Projects 9043 and 1939. The author is indebted to the Na- tional Science Foundation Grant GB-15774 for partial financial support of this project—M. W. McFappen, Department of Entomology, Washington State Uni- versity, Pullman, Washington 99163.
52 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
THE OVERWINTERING OF SOME MUSCOIDEAN DIPTERA IN THE AMHERST AREA OF MASSACHUSETTS
LisA DonpERO, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30601
and
FRANK R. SHaw, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
ABSTRACT—Collections of adult flies in the Amherst area of Massachusetts from Oct. 4, 1968 to March 20, 1969 showed that Pollenia rudis (F.) (the cluster fly), Phormia regina (Meig.) (the black blow fly), Pararicia pascuorum (Meig.), Muscina assimilis (Fallén) and Lispocephala alma (Meig.) all overwintered in the adult stage in unheated attics or similar places and were present in a descend- ing series in that order.
A number of entomologists including Hewitt (1915), Kisliuk (1917), Roberts (1930) and Wallis (1962), have discussed the overwintering of some of the higher Diptera but no published data are available on this subject in the Amherst area of Massachusetts.
In order to obtain some information on the overwintering of flies in the Amherst area, three buildings were selected and collections were made preferably in the afternoon following a warm day. The flies would collect at the windows of attics and could be readily captured. The greatest number of flies was collected from a house in Amherst 70-80 years old. Comparatively few flies were taken in a recently built house in Hadley and the collection of flies from the third building, a school in Cushman, was reduced by an application of an insecticide in the early fall. However, by November, the effects of the treatment had apparently worn off and a population of flies had built up.
The flies were taken to the laboratory and identified.1_ The data ob- tained appear in Table 1. The two species most commonly found were the cluster fly (Pollenia rudis (F.)) and the black blow fly (Phormia regina (Meig.)). It is of interest that 22.4 per cent of all the cluster flies were taken at the Cushman School which had been sprayed in the early fall.
In previous seasons collections from the house in Amherst, a few houseflies Musca domestica L. and Musca autumnalis De Geer, were collected in the fall. No house flies were found in the spring and the number of face flies was less than that of Muscina assimilis (Fallén).
1 We wish to acknowledge the assistance of Drs. R. J. Gagné and C. W. Sabrosky for the identification of some of the specimens.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 53
Table 1. Number of flies collected in attics of buildings in 3 locations in Amherst area of Massachusetts
Species and Abundance of Flies
Date P. rudis P. regina P. pascuorum M. assimilis L. alma Total
10—-4-68
Amherst 18 27 6 0 0) 51 10-13-68
Amherst 22. AT OA 0 0) 96 10-19-68
Amherst 13 49 16 1 0) 79 10-27-68
Amherst 23 53 32 5 0 113 11-3-68
Amherst 21 iL 13 0) 0) 35 11-4-68
Cushman 50 2 10 1 i 64 11-8-68
Hadley 1 1 0 0 0 2} 1-14-69
Cushman 33 3 10 0 0 46 2-23-69
Amherst Til 9 8 8 2 38 3-20-69
Amherst 31 8 5 7 0) 51 Total 223 200 127 22, 3 575
In conclusion, collections of adult flies taken from October 4, 1968 to March 20, 1969 showed that the cluster fly, the black blow fly, Pararicia pascuorum (Meig.), Muscina assimilis and Lispocephala alma ( Meig. ) all overwintered as adults in attics in the Amherst area of Massachu- setts. Their abundance is indicated in a descending series.
REFERENCES
Hewitt, C. G. 1915. Notes on the pupation of the house fly and its mode of overwintering. Can. Ent. 47:73-8.
Kisluik, M., Jr. 1917. Some winter observations of muscid flies. Ohio J. Sci. 17:285-94.
Roberts, R. A. 1930. The wintering habits of muscoid flies in Iowa. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 23:784-92.
Wallis, R. C. 1962. Overwintering activity of the blowfly, Phormia regina (Meig.). Ent. News 73:1-5.
54 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
NORTH AMERICAN SCIARIDAE, If. A NEW SPECIES OF EUGNORISTE FROM TEXAS* ( DipTERA )
WaLLace A. STEFFAN, B. P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii 96818
ABSTRACT—A new sciarid, Eugnoriste planiforeeps Steffan, from Texas is described and figured. The adults were found on flowers of Prosopis glandulosa.
The genus Eugnoriste is largely restricted to the Nearctic and Neo- tropical regions with one species, Eugnoriste capensis Steffan (1967) known from South Africa. The following new species from Big Bend National Park, Texas, was sent to me for identification by Dr. R. Gagne, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Two other species are known from North America, E. occidentalis Coquillett (1896) and E. brevirostris Coquillett (1904). One species, E. pernitens Edwards (1941), is known from Brazil.
Eugnoriste planiforceps, n. sp.
(Fig. 1)
This species is easily distinguished from other Eugnoriste by the flattened disti- mere, the divided lobes of tergum X, and other characters mentioned below.
Male. Head (fig. la). Interfacetal hairs abundant, extending slightly beyond outer curvature of facets; eye bridge 3 facets wide. Anterior vertex bare. An- tenna: flagellomeres with distinct necks, hairs less than 44 width, hyaline sensilla apparently absent; flagellomere 4 (fig. 1b) about 1.4 times longer than wide, flagel- lomeres 7-8 on right antenna partially fused in holotype. Prefrons with 13 short setae roughly arranged in three groups. Clypeus with 11 short setae. Labium elongate, about 0.21 length of fore femur with numerous very short spicules. Proboscis length 0.11 mm. Palpus 3-segmented (fig. 1d), segment 1 with 5-9 setae and numerous dorsal hyaline sensilla. Thorax. Acrostichals and dorso- centrals weak. Posterior pronotum bare; anterior pronotum generally pale yellow as contrasted to the dark notum, with 7 strong setae; proepisternum with 9 strong setae. Posterior mesepimerite (= posterior epimeron of the mesothorax, Steffan, 1966) short and broad. Legs. Fore legs: length of coxa, 0.45 mm; femur, 0.52 mm; tibia, 0.61 mm; basitarsomere, 0.27 mm; fore tibial comb (fig. le) com- posed of triangular patch of setae set in a shallow pit. Hind tibia with enlarged anterodorsal, posterodorsal, dorsal and ventral setae; apical comb consisting of single row of 7 strong setae, spur slightly shorter than width of tibial apex. Pre- tarsal claws simple. Wing. Length 1.9 mm, width 0.9 mm. Venation as in fig. 1f. R-M index 1.8; C-M index 0.5. Abdomen. Tergal setae strong and evenly distributed; sternal setae largely restricted to lateral and posterior margins of sterna. Terminalia as in fig. li, distimere distinctly flattened laterally (fig. 1g). Tergum IX as in fig. lh. Tergum X bilobed and each lobe bilobed.
1 The first of this series was published in Pacific Insects 10:37-41.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73,
No. 1, MARCH, 1971
HMM \\, a y = s, y a
f MN . >, (
Yyipe 1 pl! TT TL
Fig. 1. Eugnoriste planiforceps n. sp.: a, head of male; b, flagellomere 4 of male; c, flagellomere 4 of female; d, palpus of male; e, apex of fore tibia of male; f, wing of male; g, distimere; h, lateral half of tergum IX of male; i, male ter-
minalia, ventral view; j, female cercus, lateral view; k and 1, female vaginal furca, lateral and ventral views respectively.
56 PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Female. Essentially as male with following differences: flagellomere 4 (fig. 1c) shorter, about as long as wide with numerous hyaline sensilla. Prefrons with 19- 21 setae. Wing. Length 2.5-2.6 mm, width 1.0 mm. Legs. Fore leg measure- ments: coxa, femur, tibia, basitarsomere—0.45, 0.64, 0.72, 0.31 mm respectively; range of femoral length 0.60—0.64. Sternal setae of abdomen more abundant, sternum VIII divided longitudinally by wide non-sclerotized area, terga VII and VIII partially divided transversely near anterior third by median non-sclerotized band. Cercus and vaginal furca as in fig. 1j and fig. 1k, 1 respectively.
Type data. Holotype male (slide-mounted), Rio Grande Camping area, Big Bend National Park, Texas, 14 July 1968, D. R. Bennett, on Prosopis glandulosa blooms. Allotype female, same data as holotype (on slide). Holotype and allotype deposited in the U.S. National Mu- seum (No. 70999). Paratypes: 322 (mounted on slides), 72? (mounted on pins), same data as holotype. Paratypes deposited in Texas Technological College, California Academy of Sciences, Cornell University and Bishop Museum.
Remarks. This species appears closely related to the neotropical species E. pernitens Edwards from which it differs by the shorter flagellomeres. In E. pernitens, flagellomere 4 is about twice as long as wide, whereas in E. planiforceps, it is scarcely as long as wide. There may be differences in the shape of the vaginal furca but this structure has not been examined in E. pernitens. E. planiforceps is also similar to E. capensis but differs in the size of the prefrons which is much wider below the compound eyes in E. capensis; in the relative length of the hind tibial spurs which are almost twice as long as the tibial apex is wide in E. capensis, whereas in E. planiforceps, they are shorter than the width of the tibial apex; and in the shape of the vaginal furca.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I wish to thank Dr. Raymond Gagné of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Mr. Joaquin Tenario of Texas Technological College (now at the University of Hawaii) for the opportunity to describe this species. I also wish to thank Dr. Jean Laffoon for his suggestion of the term “posterior mesepimerite” in place of “posterior epimeron of the mesothorax” and for his review of this paper. This term is equivalent to Tuomikoski’s “Hinterfortsatz des mesothorakalen epimerits” (1960). I also wish to acknowledge the talents of my illustrator, Miss Suzanne Keenan and typist, Mrs. Dorothy Hoxie.
REFERENCES
Coquillett, D. W. 1896. A new dipterous genus related to Gnoriste. Proc. Ent.
Soc. Wash. 3:321-322. 1904. New North American Diptera. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 6:
166-192.
Edwards, F. W. 1941. Mycetophilidae collected by the expedition to Matto Grosso of the Brazilian Zoological Club, in July, 1939. Rev. Ent. 12:303-314, pl. 15.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 ol
Steffan, W. A. 1966. A generic revision of the family Sciaridae (Diptera) of America north of Mexico. Calif. Univ. Publ. Ent. 44:1-77. 1967. A new species of Eugnoriste from Africa (Sciaridae: Diptera). Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 74( 3-4 ) :292-294. Tuomikoski, R. 1960. Zur Kenntnis der Sciariden (Dipt.) Finnlands. Ann. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennica “Vanamo” 21(4):1—164.
POLYDRUSUS CERVINUS (L.), A EUROPEAN WEEVIL DISCOVERED IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE )
Polydrusus cervinus (Linnaeus) (1758, Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 384 (Curculio) ), not known previously from America, was found in New Hampshire and New Jer- sey. The New Jersey specimen was in a miscellaneous collection of weevils brought to my office in June 1970 by the late Dr. E. Avery Richmond of Moorestown, N. J. Dr. Richmond told me the weevil was probably taken from the windshield of his car sometime during 1969. Seven examples from Hanover, New Hampshire, collected by Dr. Kenneth W. Cooper, were found among unsorted material in the U.S. National Museum. One of the specimens was taken by Dr. Cooper while collecting cyrtid flies on birch twigs during August 1963. According to Dr. Cooper the specimen most certainly came from the birch, the shrubs interspersed among them, or the grass immediately adjacent; the birches fringed hardwoods that mar- gined the lacrosse playing fields of Dartmouth College. The other six specimens were collected in the environs of Hanover from late April to mid-October.
This species is readily distinguished from our native North American species and from our other two introduced European species, impressifrons Gyllenhall and sericeus (Schaller). Four to 5 mm long, it is black with the exception of the testaceous antennae and the dark brown tarsi; the vestiture is sparse, consisting of small, greenish-blue scales and fine, appressed, hair-like, dark setae; the elytra is distinctly mottled or checkered by the scales and the seemingly denuded black spots; the femoral tooth is acute and large; in the male, the pygidium is deeply excavated, rugosely punctured, and has fine setae. The species is figured in Reit- ter (1916, Fauna Germanica. Die Kifer des Deutschen Reiches, vol. 5, pl. 155. figs 3:).
Polydrusus cervinus is widely distributed in the Old World, ranging from the British Isles across most of Europe to Siberia. According to Hoffmann (1950, Faune de France, 52, Coléoptéres Curculionides, premiere partie, p. 280) the larvae live in the roots of orchard grass, Dactylis glomerata L., and the adults feed on the leaves of birch, oak, hazel, and maples. The species is widespread in Europe on Betula and is listed in the key to economically important forest pests in Ger- many by Schimitschel (1937, Schliissel zur Bestimmung der wichtigsten forstlich schadlichen Kafer. p. 36). The most recent biology is that of Scherf (1964, Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropéischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bio- nomie, Okologie), Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 506. p. 221). —Rosz ELLA WARNER, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560.
58 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
FOUR NEW SPECIES OF NEOTROPICAL BAETIS (EPHEMEROPTERA: BAETIDAE)
Jay R. Traver,! 19 Moorland St., Amherst, Massachusetts 01002
ABSTRACT—Four new species of Baetis are described and figured from Uru- guay.
The specimens of Baetis described herein were collected in Uruguay by Dr. C. S. Carbonell of the Department of Entomology, Faculty of the Humanities and Sciences of the University of the Republic of Uruguay. Representatives of each species will be placed in the en- tomological collection of that university.
Baetis aneto, n. sp.
(Figs. 1, 4)
Represented by ¢ and @2 imagos and subimagos. Costal angulation of hind wing acute but not hooked, 3 longitudinal veins; dark brown dorsal or dorso- lateral markings on certain abdominal terga.
Male imago.—Body 4-5 mm.; fore wing 3.5-4 mm. Head pale reddish brown. Scape and pedicel of antenna pale reddish brown, darker at joinings; flagellum yellowish brown. Turbinate eyes yellowish orange; in dorsal view, hemipheroidal (inner margin straight); not contiguous dorsally; on moderate stalks. Pronotum yellowish to pale reddish brown, shaded along postero-median and lateral areas with smoky brown. Meso- and metathorax bright to dark reddish brown; yellow- ish brown in areas around and preceding wing bases, also on membrane between pro- and mesosterna; metanotal shield brighter reddish brown than other areas. Wings hyaline whitish: both fore and hind wings very narrowly reddish brown at extreme bases, this color continued for a short distance along Sc and RI of fore wing. Stigmatic cross veins of fore wing 4-5 in number, slanting, a few may be incomplete; some anastomosis; stigmatic area semi-opaque. No marginal interca- laries in Sc space, those in radial space quite short. Costal angulation of hind wing acute; 3 longitudinal veins, 3 shorter than 1 and 2; usually 1, sometimes 2 mar- ginal intercalaries between veins 2 and 3. Hind wing as in fig. 4. Legs yellow- ish; claws and tarsal joinings dusky. Abdomen yellowish; apical segments shaded with pale reddish brown. Anterior and posterior margins of basal and middle segments (terga and sterna) may be very narrowly darker, on terga principally in dorsal areas; posterior margins of terga 8-10 may be very narrowly darkened. Narrow black hairline, with short lateral extensions on terga and sterna, along pleural fold on basal and middle segments. Terga variously marked with grayish to dark brown patches, some variations of these as noted: (1) wedged-shaped submedian marks on tergum 3 only; (2) squarish blotches open at anterior margin and enclosing a yellow patch, on terga 2 and 3, narrow dark gray posterior margin on tergum 5, crescent-shaped blotch across tergum 6; (3) irregularly shaped dark
‘Emeritus Professor of Zoology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massa- chusetts.
PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 59
Seal 2a t
7d ST i ee Neh. 2e/ 7 8
Figs. 1-8. 1 and 4, Baetis aneto, n. sp.: 1, & genitalia; 4, hind wing. 5 and
8, B. aymara, n. sp.; 5, hind wing; 8, ¢ genitalia. 2 and 6, B. coveloae, n. sp.; 2, 6 genitalia; 6, hind wing. 3 and 7, B. yaro, n. sp.; 3, é genitalia; 7, hind wing.
60 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
brown blotches each side of terga 2, 3 and 6, smaller and more lateral on 4 and 5, plus triangular dark brown blotches at mid-areas on 3 and 6; (4) brown blotches on terga 2 and 3, smaller marks on 3 and 6, these lateral on 2, median on 3 and 6. Other variations also occur. Cerci whitish, not darkened at joinings. Genitalia as in fig. 1.
Female imago.—Body 3.5—4.5 mm.; fore wing 3.75-4.25 mm. Head flesh color to yellowish; may have dark shading between eyes on vertex. Thorax yellowish to flesh color on pleura and venter, pale reddish brown dorsally; mesonotal shield generally narrowly dark-margined; pronotum slightly paler than mesonotum. Wings essentially as in ¢; 4-6 stigmatic cross veins in fore wing, anastomosis very slight. Legs as in 6. Abdomen (when not filled with ova) yellowish; pleural hairline as in ¢. Tergal markings as variable as in ¢; may be even more exten- sive or confined to submedian oblique streaks on terga 2 and 3, or on tergum 3 only. Cerci asin é.
Holotype, male.—Uruguay, Prov. Salto. Salto Grande, Rio Uruguay; 10-XI-55. C. S. Carbonell, collector. In collection of Department of Entomology, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Allotype, female.—Same data as holotype; in private collection of J. R. Traver.
Paratypes, 5é é and 622 2° imagos.—Uruguay, Prov. Paysandu; Santa Rita, Rio Uruguay, 8-XI-55; 96 ¢ and 202 ?.—same data as holotype. Specimens equally divided between Dept. of Entomology, Univ. of Uruguay, and private collection of JRT.
This species is named for a South American Indian tribe. Many other females and subimagos of both sexes taken at the above localities are not included among the paratypes.
South American species described in Baetis having 3 veins in the hind wing, none of these veins forked, include opacus (1915), abun- dans (1912), and gloriosus (1923), all described by Navas; it is now known that all 3 of these are Callibaetis, not Baetis. Baetis melleus Needham and Murphy (1924) is quite unlike B. aneto as to hind wing, genitalia and body coloration. From Costa Rica, Navas described B. sinuosus (1924); it differs markedly in coloration from aneto.
Baetis aymara, 0. sp.
(Figs. 5, 8)
Represented by ¢ and @ imagos. Costal angulation of hind wing hooked, 2 longitudinal veins only; abdominal terga pale, unmarked.
Male imago.—Body 5 mm.; fore wing 4.5 mm. Head and antennae yellowish. Ocelli black-ringed at base, most prominent on middle ocellus. Turbinate eyes quite large, yellow-orange, in dorsal view somewhat hemispheroidal; on stalks of moderate height. Thorax yellowish to pale reddish brown. Pronotum paler than mesonotum, inconspicuous oblique black submedian streaks from anterior mar- gin; no other distinctive markings on thorax. Mesoscutellum paler than shield, margined narrowly with dusky. Wings whitish, hyaline; stigmatic area of fore wing semi-opaque; no marginal intercalaries in Sc space; 4-6 stigmatic cross veins,
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 61
somewhat slanting, 1 of these may be incomplete. Hind wing slender, 2 longitu- dinal veins only; costal angulation hooked, as in fig. 5. Legs yellowish; tarsal seg- ments may be very narrowly darkened at joinings. Abdomen whitish with faint yellowish tinge, apical segments very pale reddish brown, semi-opaque, basal and middle segments translucent. Tiny black stigmatic dots on basal and middle seg- ments, connected along pleural fold by a faint blackish hairline. Terga 9 and 10, and in 1 specimen 7 and 8 also, very narrowly darker on posterior margins. Cerci pale yellowish white, not darker at joinings. Genitalia as in fig. 8.
Female imago—Body 4 mm.; fore wing 5 mm. Smaller than @ but similiarly colored; hind wing similar but more slender.
Holotype, male.—Uruguay, Prov. Treinta y Tres. Quebrada de los Cuervos, 17—XII-52. C. S. Carbonell, collector. In collection of De- partment of Entomology, University of Uruguay.
Paratypes.—2¢ 6 and 12 imago; same data as holotype. One ¢ in collection of Department of Entomology, University of Uruguay; others in private collection of J. R. Traver.
This species is named for a South American Indian tribe. The only previously described Neotropical species of Baetis known to have only 2 longitudinal veins in the hind wing and a strongly hooked costal an- gulation on that wing is B. garcianus Traver (1938) from Puerto Rico. B. aymara lacks the lateral blotches on abdominal terga present in garcianus; the genitalia of these 2 species are dissimilar.
Baetis coveloae, n. sp.
(Figs. 2, 6)
Represented by 324 ¢ imagos. Costal angulation of hind wing rather blunt, 2 longitudinal veins only; abdominal terga fawn-color, unmarked; median spine on penis cover.
Male imago.—Body 5 mm.; fore wing 4.5-5.25 mm. Head reddish brown; scape of antenna dark brown, pedicel paler brown, each narrowly darker at join- ings; flagellum yellowish. Turbinate eyes orange, narrow dark ring at base of each; oval in dorsal aspect, well separated dorsally; on rather tall stalks. Thorax rather dark reddish brown above and below; metanotum and in some specimens mesonotal area brighter red-brown. Legs yellowish; femora may be slightly brown- tinged; femora and tibiae narrowly darker at joining; tarsi very pale. Wings whit- ish, hyaline; reddish brown tinge at extreme wing bases; longitudinal veins faintly yellowish; stigmatic area of fore wing opaque; 4-6 slanting stigmatic cross veins often widely spaced, 1 or 2 may be incomplete, 1 may be forked, incomplete anastomosis may be present. In Sc marginal space, 1 or 2 short intercalaries. Hind wing 2-veined, occasionally 1 or more cross veins faintly indicated; costal angulation and adjacent area reminiscent of genus Dactylobaetis Traver and Ed- munds (1968). See fig. 6. Abdomen fawn-color, pale reddish brown, venter slightly paler than dorsum; apical segments darker, somewhat opaque. Posterior margins of all segments narrowly dark brown, darker on terga than sterna; nar- row dark line along pleural fold. Cerci very pale yellowish white, unmarked. Genitalia as in fig. 2.
62, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
Holotype, male—Uruguay, Prov. Maldonado. Cerro Animas, 14— IX-50, C. S. Carbonell, collector. In collection of Department of En- tomology, University of Uruguay .
Paratypes.—31 é imagos; all from same locality as holotype. 1 ¢, 13-VIII-50; 36 6, 16-VII-50; 27 ¢ 6, same date as holotype. C. S. Car- bonell, collector. Specimens divided equally between Entomological collection of the University of Uruguay and private collection of J. R. Traver.
This species is named in honor of Sefiora Lucrezia Covelo.
Although the hind wing is very similar to many species of Dactyl- obatis, Traver and Edmunds (1968), this species is placed tentatively in Baetis rather than Dactylobaetis, since the presence of intercalaries in the Sc space of the fore wing and the spine on the penis cover distin- guish it from any species thus far known in Dactylobaetis. Immature nymphs of the latter genus are known to occur in Maldonado Province; only the rearing of mature nymphs would determine to which genus
the species coveloae really belongs.
Baetis yaro, n. sp. (Bigsios 0)
Represented by a single ¢ imago. Costal angulation of hind wing hooked, 3 longitudinal veins; abdominal terga fawn-color, chestnut brown submedian patches on 2-7.
Male imago.—Body 7 mm.; fore wing 7 mm. Head pale reddish brown, fla- gellum of antenna yellowish. Turbinate eyes orange, oval in dorsal aspect, not quite contiguous dorsally; on rather low stalks. Thorax reddish brown; median dorsal stripe on mesonotum slightly darker than other areas, enclosing a very nar- row black streak in posterior half. Meso- and metasterna darker than other parts of sterna. Femora and fore tibia very pale reddish brown, other tibiae and all tarsi yellowish; femoro-tibial joining, tarsal joinings and claws reddish brown. Wings whitish, hyaline. No marginal intercalaries in Sc space of fore wing; about 8 slanting cross veins in opaque stigmatic area, spaced unevenly, 1 of these in- complete, not reaching Sc. Hind wing 3 veined, 3rd vein shortest; costal an- gulation prominent, hooked at tip, widened at base, as in fig. 7. Abdomen fawn-color, light reddish brown, venter somewhat paler than dorsum, terga 8 and 9 darker than those preceding. Abdominal terga 2-7 with wedge-shaped chest- nut brown patches laterally, these largest and most distinct on basal segments, leaving antero-lateral angles paler. Intersegmental areas pale; very narrow black hairline along pleural fold, darkest on basal segments; submedian oblique streaks from anterior margins on sterna 7 and 8, faint indications of shorter streaks from anterior margins laterad of oblique dashes. Cerci pale yellowish white, the 2 basal segments darkened at joinings. Genitalia as in fig. 3.
Holotype, male—Uruguay, Prov. Maldonado. Cerro Animas, 16- VII-50, C. S. Carbonell, collector. In collection of Department of En- tomology, University of Uruguay.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 63
This species is named for an Uruguayan Indian tribe. The hind wing of B. yaro is quite similar to that of B. melleus Needham and Murphy (1924), and the genitalia of these 2 species are not unlike. The strik- ingly marked abdomen of yaro distinguishes it at once from B. melleus, to which species is seems most closely allied.
REFERENCES Navas, R. P. L. 1912. Neuropteros (s.l.) nuevos de America. Broteria 10: 194-202. 1915. Neuropteros sudamericanos, segunda serie. Broteria 13: 5-13. 1923. Insecta nova. Mem. Pont. Accad. s.n. Lincei 6:1—27. 1924. Insectos de la America Central. Broteria 21:55—86. Needham, J. G. and H. E. Murphy. 1924. Neotropical mayflies. Bull. Lloyd Lib. 24, Ent. Ser. 4:79 pp. Traver, J. R. 1938. Mayflies of Puerto Rico. J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico 22(1): 542. and G. F. Edmunds, Jr. 1968. A revision of the Baetidae with spatulate-clawed nymphs (Ephemeroptera). Pacific Insects 10(3—4):629-677.
OLIGOCARICIS LEA A SYNONYM OF SMICRONYX SCHOENHERR
(COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE )
Lea (1926, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 51:327—362) described Oligo- caricis and the single included species, O. longirostris, from two male specimens, of which one, in the R. Helms collection, was from the Behn River in north- western Australia and the other, in the British Museum, from the Adelaide River in Northern Territory, Australia. In examining the latter specimen at the British Museum, I found that it is quite typical of the genus Smicronyx Schoenherr, 1843. It shows the usual external characters of Smicronyx, including the fine con- striction separating the rostrum from the rest of the head and the small partly connate tarsal claws. It also has the exodont mandibles that I noted (1962, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 113:200) in many species of Smicronyx. I have not seen or located the other of Lea’s two specimens, but I have also seen nothing in the orig- inal description that would indicate a significant difference between the speci- mens.
In addition to proposing the transfer of Oligocaricis longirostris Lea to Smicronyx, I am here designating the specimen from the Adelaide River as lectotype of that species. According to the accessions catalog of the British Museum, the specimen was collected at the Adelaide River on August 8-13, 1890 by Mr. J. J. Walker during a cruise of the H.M.S. Penguin. This is the first record of the occurrence of any species of Smicronyx in Australia.
I thank the staff of the Department of Entomology, British Museum (Nat. His- tory) for the aid and courtesies extended to me when these observations were made.—D. M. Anpberson, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Re- search Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, c/o U.S. National Museum, Wash- ington, D.C. 20560.
64 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971
A REDESCRIPTION OF TESSAROBELUS GUERINI MONTROUSIER (HoMorTEeRA: CoccomEA: MARGARODIDAE )
Douciass R. MILLER, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250
ABSTRACT—A redescription of the littke known margarodid Tessarobelus guerini Montrousier is presented along with a key to the genera of the tribe Monophlebulini. A small type of tubular duct is recorded for the first time in the Margarodidae.
Tessarobelus Montrousier has been virtually unknown since it was described from New Caledonia. Morrison (1928) did not see samples of the genus and was unable to include it in his comprehensive study of the family Margarodidae. He suggested, however, that Tessarobelus belonged in the tribe Monophlebulini. Recently I have examined sev- eral specimens and confirm Morrison’s tentative assignment. There are three genera in this tribe, two of which occur in Australia.
The following key is adapted from Morrison (1928).
Key TO THE GENERA OF THE TRIBE MONOPHLEBULINI ADULT FEMALES
il Ventral cicatrices in transverse rows on anterior abdominal segments; anal opening not surrounded by a dense band of short setae 2 Ventral cicatrices, if present, not forming transverse rows on anterior abdominal segments; anal opening surrounded by a dense band of SHOTE SEU as me eee ee Nodulicoceus Morrison 2(1). Some antennal segments fused; tubular trilocular pores absent — CD a ree Tessarobelus Montrousier Antennal segments not fused; tubular trilocular pores present — LOL I ED ie Se TINE ETS PS Monophlebulus Cockerell
Genus Tessarobelus Montrousier
Tessarobelus Montrousier, 1864:246. Type-species, Tessarobelus guerini Mont- rousier, orig. desig. and monotypy.
Tessarobelus contains only T. guerini. A Panama species, Mono- phlebus championi Cockerell, transferred to Tessarobelus by Cockerell (1902a) on the basis of the male, apparently belongs in the tribe Llaveiini (Morrison, 1928) and perhaps even in the genus Llaveia Signoret (MacGillivray, 1921).
Diagnosis. Adult female approximately 10 to 20 mm long. Anal tube with unspecialized dermal orifice and polygonal wax pores. Spines, setae, small tubular ducts, trilocular pores, and multilocular pores present on both body surfaces. Cicatrices present over venter except near body margin. Abdominal spiracles in 7 pairs; thoracic and abdominal pairs with pores in atria. Rostrum 2-segmented. Antennae with terminal segments fused.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 65
Fig. 1. Tessarobelus guerini, adult 2: A and F, trilocular pores; B, enlarged section of indicated portion of lateral margin; C, anal tube; D, detail of polygonal wax pores of anal tube; E, enlarged section of indicated portion of dorsum; G, ventral cicatrix; H, enlarged section of indicated portion of venter; I, antenna: J and P, multilocular disk pores; K, thoracic spiracle; L, middle leg; M, claw; N, abdominal spiracle; O, enlarged section of indicated portion of venter; Q, body outline, dorsal and ventral surfaces; R, small tubular duct.
66 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Tessarobelus may be distinguished from all other margarodid genera by the following combination of characters: with apical antennal seg- ments fused, with tubular ducts, without tubular pores.
In addition to Nodulicoccus and Monophlebulus, Tessarobelus re- sembles Monophlebidus Morrison (tribe Monophlebini), but the latter genus lacks the above combination of characters and possesses a 3- segmented rostrum.
The presence of tubular ducts of the type shown in the illustration (fig. 1R) apparently has not been recorded in the Margarodidae. Tu- bular ducts do occur in genera such as Matsucoccus Cockerell, Pityo- coccus McKenzie, and Desmococcus McKenzie, but these ducts are very different from those in Tessarobelus. Examination of the available material within the subfamily Monophlebinae has revealed that the Tessarobelus type of tubular duct also is present in Aspidoproctus Newstead, Monophlebidus Morrison, Monophlebulus, and Nietnera Green.
Tessarobelus guerini Montrousier
Tessarobelus guerini Montrousier, 1864:247. Monophlebus guerini (Montrousier ): Cockerell, 1902b:232.
Specimens of T. guerini apparently have been examined previously only by Montrousier and Cohic (1958). Though the name has appeared in the literature approximately 15 times, most of the references merely reiterate the original de- scription.
Type Material: Apparently lost.
Field Features: The orange body of the adult female is covered with a white, cottony wax; the legs, antennae, and mouthparts are black. The known stages of the female occur on the foliage.
According to the original description, the red body of the adult male is lightly dusted with a white wax, the antennae are plumose and slightly shorter than the length of the body, the wings are gray and semi-transparent, and there are four fleshy tubercules on the posterior end of the abdomen.
Recognition Characters: Adult female, mounted, 10.8 to 21.0 mm long, 6.4 to 10.8 mm wide. Body elongate oval; anal lobes slightly protruding.
Dorsum densely covered with spines, most abundant near anal opening, those on lateral margins of abdomen longest and with rounded apices. Body setae lightly scattered over surface, longest setae present near anal opening, with single seta of approximately same size present on margin between anterior leg and an- terior spiracle. Tubular ducts scattered over entire surface, approximately 4.0 u long, 2.5 » wide. Trilocular pores in nearly all areas except along body margin. Multilocular pores present only near anal ring; with 6 to 10 loculi in outside row of pores and 0 to 5 loculi in central hub. Small raised areas each possess cluster of indistinct cellular structures; raised areas present along body margin. Anal ring situated 8 to 12 times its diameter from abdominal apex; anal tube with dermal orifice unmodified; narrow collar of polygonal wax pores present on me- dial portion of tube; inner apex of tube with 0 to 4 lightly sclerotized rings.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 67
Venter densely covered with spines, more slender and elongate than those on dorsum. Body setae more numerous than on dorsum, most abundant near anal opening. Tubular ducts less numerous and larger than on dorsum (approximately 7.5 uw long, 5.0 « wide), most abundant on abdominal segment IX and along lateral margins. Trilocular pores present from abdominal segment V or IV through head. Multilocular pores present from abdominal segment IX through IV, with a few present on head. Raised areas present along body margin. Cicatrices present in transverse rows over entire venter except along body margin. Abdominal spiracles in 7 pairs, each spiracle with apical portion constricted and with complete band of multilocular pores in atrium. Thoracic spiracles with large cluster of multi- locular pores in each atrium. Legs robust, densely matted with setae; digitules not extending to tip of claw. Antennae 3-segmented, third segment formed from fused 6 to 8 apical “segments.” Rostrum 2-segmented.
Third instar female similar to adult except tubular ducts absent, multilocular pores less numerous, third antennal segment composed of fused 5 to 6 apical “segment.”
According to Cohic (1958) and Matile-Ferrero (personal communi- cation) the type material of T. guerini has been lost.
I feel confident that the specimens examined are T. guerini. Some specimens seen were collected on the host of Montrousier’s type speci- mens; also, the species described above is the only monophlebine margarodid known from New Caledonia where it is widely dispersed and relatively common. The species agrees well with Montrousier’s original description with one exception. Montrousier states that the antennae are 10-segmented in the female and at least 16-segmented in the male. In available specimens, the antennae of adult females pos- sesses only 3 distinct segments. However, it is impossible to determine the true segmentation without carefully examining the antennae under a microscope. Although I have been unable to examine males, it has been stated by Morrison (1928) that the antennae of margarodids are not more than 13-segmented. Therefore, it is probable that the orig- inal description of T. guerini is inaccurate in regard to the number of antennal segments.
Specimens Examined: New Caledonia—Amieu Pass Cascade, XII- 20-67, on “wild rainy forest tree,” P. Cochereau (17 ad. 2? 2 ); Poneri- houen, X-6-69, on Jambosa pseudomalaccensis (Myrtaceae), P. Co- chereau (11 ad. 22); Ouegoa, V—?-58, on Melaleuca leucadendron (Myrtaceae), F. Cohic (1 third instar 2 ¢ ).
Specimens are being deposited in the collections of the British Mu- seum ( Natural History ), London; Institut Francais d’Oceanie, Noumea. New Caledonia; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Univer- sity of California, Davis; University of California, Riverside; Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg; Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences of USSR, Leningrad; the U.S. National Museum, Washing- ton.
68 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I wish to thank Dr. Paul Cochereau, OSTRUM Center, Noumea, New Cale- donia, for making available the material used for this study. To Dr. Paul De- Bach, University of California, Riverside, I extend appreciation for drawing my attention to the species and to Mme. Daniele Matile-Ferrero, Museum National Histoire Naturelle, Paris, for searching for the types of T. guerini.
REFERENCES
Cockerell, T. D. A. 1902a. What is Monophlebus, Leach ? Entomologist 35:
317-319. 1902b. A contribution to the classification of the Coccidae. Ibid.
35: 232-233, 257-260.
Cohic, F. 1958. Contribution a étude des cochenilles d’intérét économique de Nouvelle-Caledonie et dépendances. Comm. Pac. Sud. Doc. Tech. 116, 35 pp.
MacGillivray, A. D. 1921. The Coccidae. Scarab, Urbana, Ill., 502 pp.
Montrousier, R. P. 1864. 246-247 In Perroud, B. P. and Montrousier, R. P. Essai sur la faune entomologique de Kanala et déscription de quelques espéces nouvelles au peu connues. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 11:46—257.
Morrison, H. 1928. A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 52, 237 pp.
THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF HORISMENUS WALKER (HyMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)
B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture
ABSTRACT—A redefinition of the genus Horismenus Walker, with a key to the Nearctic species. Several species of this genus are primary parasites of bruchid beetles and others are primary or secondary parasites of Lepidoptera. Other species parasitize curculionid larvae, buprestid or cerambycid larvae, or Diptera living in grass stems. Two species are secondary parasites in the egg cases of spiders. H. bruchophagus, carolinensis, ignotus, latrodecti n. spp.; (euplectri Howard) = fraternus (Fitch), (violacea Ashmead) = _ fraternus (Fitch), (ancylae Girault) = microgaster (Ashmead), (flavipes Ashmead) = sardus (Walker) n. syn.; Galeopsomyia haemon (Walker) n. comb. for Horis- menus haemon.
The Nearctic species of the genus Horismenus Walker have never before been revised, although this is a genus of common eulophid para- sites in North America. Horismenus, Pediobius, and Tetrastichus are
1 Mail address: c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560.
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 69
probably the three most commonly encountered eulophid chalcidoids in the Nearctic region; the latter two genera have already been revised (Burks, 1966, 1943).
The biological relationships of the species of Horismenus are rather diverse. Specimens are often reared as primary or secondary parasites of small Lepidoptera, or as primary parasites of Coleoptera belonging to the families Bruchidae or Curculionidae. They are extremely com- mon parasites of bruchids. One Nearctic species of Horismenus is a probable secondary parasite of the larvae of round-headed and flat- headed wood-boring beetles. Another species emerges from small Dip- tera living in the stems of grasses. Two Nearctic species are secondary parasites in the egg cases of spiders.
I am greatly indebted to Dr. G. J. Kerrich, Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, for sending me detailed information about Horismenus cleodora Walker, the type-species of Horismenus. The single type specimen of cleodora, from Lima, Pert, is in the British Museum (Natural History) collections and was presented by C. Dar- win, Esq. I also am grateful to the authorities of the British Museum (Natural History) for making it possible for me to study the type of Entedon sardus Walker.
Horismenus Walker
Horismenus Walker, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11:117—Ashmead, 1904, Mem. Carnegie Mus. 1(4):341.—Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fasc. 97, p. 432.— Crawford, 1911, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 40:445.—Girault, 1913, Mem. Queens- land Mus. 2:152.—Girault, 1915, Can. Ent. 47:234—Viereck, 1916, Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. Bull. 22, p. 456.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalcid Fauna USSR, Akad. Nauk USSR, Fauna USSR 44, p. 268.—Bouéek in Kratochvil, 1957, Klic Zvireny CSR, 2:277.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30:217.—Boucek and Hoffer (trans. Peck), 1964, Mem. Ent. Soc. Can. 34:103.—Boutek, 1965, Acta Ent. Mus. Nat. Prag. 36:84. Type-species: Horismenus cleodora Walker; monotypic.
Pseudomphale Schrottky, 1909, Ann. Soc. Cient. Arg. 67:209.—Girault, 1915, Can. Ent. 47:234 (syn. of Horismenus). Type-species: Pseudomphale opsip- hanis Schrottky; monotypic.
Pediobioidea Girault, 1911, Can. Ent. 43:407 (syn. under Horismenus when descr.). Type-species: Pediobioidea cyanea Girault; monotypic.
Triolynx Cameron, 1913, Timehri, Jour. R. Agr. Com. Soc. Brit. Guiana 3:130.— Boucek, 1965, Acta Ent. Mus. Nat. Prag. 36:84 (syn. of Horismenus). Type- species: Triolynx clavicornis Cameron; monotypic.
Akonda Cameron, 1913, Timehri, Jour. R. Agr. Com. Soc. Brit. Guiana 3:131.— Boucek, 1965, Acta Ent. Mus. Nat. Prag. 36:84 (syn. of Horismenus). Type- species: Akonda hipparchia Cameron; monotypic.
Dirphiphagus Bréthes, 1917, Ann. Zool. Apl. 4:25. New synonymy. Type-species: Dirphiphagus ancilla Bréthes; orig. desig.
70 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
Holcopeltomorpha Blanchard, 1942, Ann. Soc. Cient. Arg. 134:126—Boucek, 1965, Acta Ent. ‘us. Nat. Prag. 36:84 (syn. of Horismenus). Type-species: Hol- copeltomorpha christenseni Blanchard; orig. desig.
In the literature the genus Holcopelte Foerster, 1856, has long been listed as a synonym of Horismenus (see Ashmead, 1904, p. 377; Peck, 1951, p. 467, and numerous other authors). As Graham, 1959, and Boucek, 1965, have pointed out, however, this is a mistake. Holcopelte differs generically from Horismenus in having the occiput sharply carinate and in having a scutellum that lacks lateral carinate.
The name Horismenus itself spent most of the last century in synon- ymy. Three years after he described it, Walker (1846, p. 66) synony- mized it under Entedon Dalman. Subsequent authors left it in synon- ymy until Ashmead (1904) resurrected it and employed it as a valid genus. Cresson (1887, p. 344) listed Horismenus as a synonym of Euderus Haliday, but that almost certainly was an error in citation.
Generic description——Head with a prominent transverse frontal carina, para- scrobal areas always sculptured; eyes large and more or less hairy; malar furrow absent, malar space and cheeks narrow, temples narrow; occiput not margined; antennae inserted below center of frons, at or slightly above level of ventral mar- gins of compound eyes; scape short, its apex never exceeding level of anterior ocellus; female with 3 funicular segments, male with 4, club with 2 segments and an apical spicule in both sexes.
Anterior margin of pronotum dorsally carinate, this carina sometimes weak or interrupted; notaulices complete, often weak anteriorly, terminating posteriorly in a pair of vaguely defined, elongate depressions, each depression bearing a single strong bristle; prepectus large, triangular; scutellum with a median longitudinal carina, a pair of lateral carinae (these formed from series of more or less coalesced punctures ), and an apical carina (the latter may or may not be interrupted on the meson); postscutellum prominent, usually sculptured near base, smooth at apex; forewing with marginal vein very long, submarginal vein short, stigmal vein bud- like, sessile, postmarginal vein very short, its apex vaguely defined; hindwing with 3 hamuli; each tarsus with 4 segments, these may be subequal in length or the apical one may be slightly the longest.
Propodeum with a pair of circular or slitlike spiracles, paraspiracular carinae present or absent; a narrow, longitudinal smooth area present on meson of propo- deum in almost all species, this smooth area bordered on each side by a narrow shagreened area; apex of scutellum necklike, surface of this neck sculptured, rest of propodeum smooth and shining except for a pair of small shagreened areas at anterior margin between meson and spiracles that is present in some species. Petiole stout, its surface sculptured, a median, longitudinal, dorsal carina usually present. Gaster dorsally smooth and shining, usually with narrow shagreened areas near posterior margins of terga, lateral and ventral areas of gaster with lineolate, longitudinal sculpture; first gastral tergum comprising a large part of the gaster, often comprising 14 or more its extent.
Body heavily sclerotized and deeply punctured, typically compact and _ beetle- like. Heads and bodies having no tendency to shrink or collapse in drying after death.
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PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 71
Horismenus, Key To NEARCTIC SPECIES, FEMALES
Eline tiniae partly ior mostly Gack 9. Se ee 2 Hind: tibiae entirely pale yellow or white: 9s 5 Scutellum uniformly sculptured over all its surface with a sculpturing that is almost as strong as that of the praescutum —___ lixivorus (Crawford ) Scutellum very faintly sculptured or smooth and shining over most of its surface; strong sculpture, if present, limited to lateral areas 3 First gastral tergum entirely smooth or with extremely faint apical sculpture latrodecti, n. sp.
First gastral tergum with strong apical sculpturing —___-___--------------------_- 4
First gastral tergum with apical 24 sculptured; hind tibia dark only at base microgaster (Ashmead)
First gastral tergum with a narrow cross-band of sculpturing near apex,
otherwise smooth; hind tibia with basal %4 to 2 dark carolinensis, n. sp. Hind femora black or dark with metallic luster _....______-_------------— 6 Hind femora entirely pale yellow or white ...- 7
First gastral tergum constituting more than % the length of gaster; hind femur with dusky, non-metallic shading floridanus (Ashmead )
First gastral tergum constituting % or less the length of gaster; hind femur with very dark, metallic blue or blue-green shading — Eueee Woven ee mrectoneey iy 62S Reh ei Ly aed oe texanus (Girault)
Scutellum flattened and in the same plane as the propodeum; scutellar
sculpture faint; general color dark metallic green depressus Gahan Not as above; scutellum not flattened and in the same plane as the pro- [OCGA «nh es Ur a A Al Dy ep OE er Wr 8 Face and median area of propodeum reticulated __ ignotus, n. sp. Face, at least in median area, smooth and shining; narrow, elongate area Olt imeson Of propodeum smooth and shining = ee 9 Basal gastral tergum constituting *®4 or more dorsal length of gaster; apical Je eomunasalecastrall, tersum) sculptured, 2 0 ee, 10 Basal gastral tergum constituting less than *4 the dorsal length of gaster 11 Thorax bright metallic green —.. 9 missouriensis ( Ashmead ) Thorax black, sometimes with a faint blue tinge bruchophagus, n. sp.
Head, thorax, and gaster bright metallic blue-green; basal gastral tergum smooth except for a narrow, reticulate crossband just before apex —_ Ci a ee A ee a ee lata Ni R= td fraternus (Fitch)
Head, thorax, and gaster shining black, or head and thorax metallic green with gaster mostly shining black and apical half of basal gastral tergum SECO LOE EIN |e a a am AR eRe, GENS 22 LOE kw) ela ai
Head and thorax metallic green, gaster mostly shining black; apical half of
basal gastral tergum sculptured productus (Ashmead ) Head, thorax, and gaster shining black; less than apical half of basal gastral
Er amas SUITS LULL Ck ys: oe PO ec Sd sfc gs) 13 Antennal scape dark brown to black _.- atroscapus (Girault)
Antennal scape’ pale -yellow."to white 222 eee 14
2 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
14. Scutellum strongly sculptured and lateral groove formed from single row of
Duncturest set hike... He, eae eel es ea ee nitens (Howard) Scutellum weakly sculptured, almost smooth and with multiple crenulate groovesat lateral margins: ee sardus ( Walker )
Horismenus atroscapus (Girault)
Pseudomphale atroscapus Girault, 1917, Descr. Stell. Nov., p. 20. Horismenus atroscapus (Girault): Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 217.
Described from 2 female specimens. Lectotype °, U.S.N.M. catalog no. 20105, labeled, “Bred from T. suwbcanalis Wlk., 31—VIII-1915, Mont- icello, Fla., 20-VIII-15, Quaintance No. 10566, Al. Fabis collector.” Present designation of lectotype.
Distribution.—N. C., Fla.
This seems to be a primary parasite of the small pyralids, Tetralopha subcanalis (Walker) and Acrobasis rubrifasciella (Packard). It is likely that it also will be found to parasitize other pyralids.
Horismenus bruchophagus, n. sp.
This species agrees with missouriensis Ashmead in having the legs beyond the coxae entirely pale yellow or white, in not having the scutellum flattened, and in having the basal gastral tergum sculptured over its apical 24 with this tergum comprising °4 the length of the gaster; they differ in that missouriensis has the thorax bright metallic green, but the thorax of this species is shining, jet black, with a faint blue tinge sometimes visible, and in missouriensis the sculpture on the vertex is much finer than on the parascrobal spaces, but the sculpture is equally coarse on these two areas in bruchophagus.
Female—Length, 1.6-2.0 mm. Frons faintly metallic blue, otherwise head and body shining, jet black with a faint blue tinge sometimes visible; antennal scapes and legs beyond coxae light yellow or white, antennal flagellum with faint metallic blue sheen; wing veins brown.
Face and genae smooth, shining; parascrobal area below frontal groove strongly shagreened, narrow area on meson of vertex smooth, shagreened laterally, occiput shagreened; temples smooth ventrally, lightly reticulated dorsally. Eyes rather sparsely hairy. Apex of antennal scape surpassing frontal groove, but not reach- ing level of anterior ocellus; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna— pedicel, 60; first funicular segment, 60; second, 50; third, 50; club, 100.
Praescutum and scutum strongly sculptured, axillae weakly sculptured, scutellum shining, with very weak sculpture; lateral and apical margins of scutellum formed by rows of punctures, apical margin interrupted on meson; postscutellum smooth and shining, sculptured areas at base more or less hidden. Propleuron and an- terior part of mesopleuron sculptured, rest of mesopleuron smooth and shining; coxae faintly sculptured with irregular striae.
Propodeum lying on a plane parallel to horizontal axis of body; narrow median area and anterior half of lateral area smooth; circular area near each anterolateral angle, narrow, elongate area on each side of median smooth area, and posterior half of lateral area, reticulated. Petiole vertical, only slightly longer than broad, a
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PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
median, dorsal, longitudinal carina present; surface of petiole minutely and closely reticulated. Gaster normally slightly shorter than thorax, but posterior terga may be distended; apex acute; basal gastral tergum sculptured over its apical 24 and this tergum comprising °4 the length of the gaster.
Male.—Length, 1.2-1.8 mm. Frons, genae, and vertex bright metallic blue, coxae with faint metallic blue sheen, otherwise head and body shining, jet black; legs beyond coxae pale yellow or white; entire antenna brown with metallic blue luster. Antennal scape greatly inflated, its apex just surpassing level of frontal groove; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 50; first funicular segment 50; second, 50; third, 50; fourth, 50; club, 70; face faintly reticulated; petiole 1% times as long as wide; gaster 24 as long as thorax, basal gastral tergum normally comprising the entire gaster, with apical terga withdrawn beneath it and only genitalia protruding.
Type locality —Brownsville, Texas.
Type.—vU.S.N.M. catalog no. 70847.
Described from 211 female and 53 male specimens, as follows. Holo- type (°), allotype (¢), and 192 paratypes (1482, 44¢), reared at Brownsville, Texas, in 1921 from seeds of Acacia tortosa infested by the bruchid Mimosestes sallaei (Sharp) by J. C. Bridwell; 622, 7¢ paratypes, reared at Kingsville, Texas, May 1923, from beans of hui- sache [Acacia], by M. M. High; 2? paratypes, reared at Victoria, Texas, Sept. 6, 1907, possibly from Mimosestes sallaei, under Hunter number 1410.
Biological relationships—This species is a primary parasite of bru- chids infesting the seeds of acacias.
Horismenus carolinensis, n. sp.
Horismenus sp., Leiby, 1925, Bull. N. C. Dept. Agr., Feb., p. 60. Horismenus n. sp., Beal and Massey, 1942, Jour. For. 40:318.
This species agrees with lixivorus Crawford in having dark colored legs, in hav- ing the antennal scape dark, and in having the basal gastral tergum provided with strong apical sculpturing. It differs from lixivorus in having the scutellum almost smooth, very faintly sculptured, rather than strongly sculptured, in having the funicular segments slender, longer than wide, rather than slightly wider than long, and in having the vertex black rather than metallic green.
Female.—Length, 1.8—2.2 mm. Black, without metallic luster; apices of femora, bases and apices of tibiae, and basal tarsal segments, white, legs otherwise very dark brown to black; wing veins dark brown.
Face and genae smooth and shining; parascrobal areas below transverse frontal groove shagreened; vertex shining, faintly reticulated; occiput and temples retic- ulated. Eyes densely hairy. Apex of antennal scape almost reaching level of an- terior ocellus, surpassing level of frontal groove; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 60; first funicular segment, 50; second, 40; third, 30; club, 70.
Praescutum and scutum reticulated, axillae very faintly sculptured, almost smooth; scutellum smooth medially, faintly sculptured laterally; lateral grooves
74 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
of scutellum formed of elongate punctures, apical groove crenulate near lateral margins, obsolete on meson; postscutellum with a pair of elongate submedian, shagreened areas at base, apex smooth and shining; propleuron reticulated, meso- pleuron smooth and shining; hind coxae faintly reticulated.
Propodeum smooth laterally and on narrow median area, the latter with a shagreened area on each side, apical third of propodeum shagreened. Petiole vertical, as wide as long, its surface closely and minutely sculptured; median, dor- sal, longitudinal carina present on petiole. Gaster slightly longer than thorax, its apex acute; basal gastral tergum with a narrow band of strong sculpturing near its posterior margin, this tergum comprising 14 the length of gaster.
Male.—Length, 1.5-2.0 mm. Apex of antennal scape almost reaching level of anterior ocellus; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 50; first funicular segment, 70; second, 40; third, 40; fourth, 40; club, 80, petiole 114 times as long as wide; gaster 24 as long as thorax; basal gastral tergum reticulated near apex and this tergum comprising almost all of gaster.
Type locality—Lake Waccamaw, North Carolina.
Types.—U.S.N.M. catalog no. 70845.
Described from 5 female and 4 male specimens. Holotype ( 2 ), allo- type (¢), and 1é paratype, Lake Waccamaw, North Carolina, reared April 23, 1917, from larva of the flat-head appletree borer, Chryso- bothris femorata (Olivier); 42, 2¢ paratypes, Durham, North Carolina, reared from the twig girdler, Oncideres cingulata (Say).
Biological relationships.—Although the specimens from which this species is described are labeled as having been reared directly from a buprestid beetle and a cerambycid beetle, it is likely that this is actu- ally a secondary parasite.
Horismenus depressus Gahan
Horismenus depressus Gahan, 1930, Proc. U.S.N.M. 77(8):8.—Peck in Muese- beck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 217.
Described from 18 female and male specimens; type ( 2), U.S.N.M. no. 41101.
Distribution.—Tex., Calif.
This is a primary parasite of the bruchid Stator pruininus (Horn), in- festing the seeds of Acacia and Mexican ironwood, Olneya. It has also been reared from a “Bruchus sp.” in Acacia seeds in South Texas.
Horismenus floridanus ( Ashmead )
Holcopelte floridana Ashmead, 1888, Can. Ent. 20:102.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.
Horismenus floridanus (Ashmead); Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fasc. 97, p. 432.—Gahan, 1933, U.S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Pub. 174, p. 128.—Gilmore, 1938, Jour. Econ. Ent. 31:715.—Fulton, 1940, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 32:233.—Brim- ley, 1942, Ins. N. C. Suppl., p. 34.—Nickels, 1951, Jour. Econ. Ent. 44:434.— Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Painter,
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, No. 1, MARCH, 1971 75
1955, Jour. Econ. Ent. 48:41.—Burks in Krombein et al., 1958, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Suppl. 1, p. 68.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 218.
Described from a single female specimen; type U.S.N.M. no. 41371. Distribution.—From N. J. west to Ind., Ill., and Kans., south to Fla. and Tex.
This is a secondary parasite of Lepidoptera. It is known to attack Apanteles, but it probably also attacks other primary parasites.
Horismenus fraternus (Fitch)
Trichogramma? fraterna Fitch, 1856, Country Gentleman 7:235.—Fitch, 1856, Trans. N.Y. State Agr. Soc. 15:449.—Fitch, 1856, Rpt. Nox. Ins. N.Y., p. 217. —Howard, 1885, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent. Bull. 5, p. 47.—Lintner, 1886, Rpt. Inj. Ins. N.Y., 2, p. 79.—Cresson, 1887, Synopsis Hym. Amer. N. of Mex., p. 246.—Riley, 1888, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent. Bull. 10, p. 34.—Packard, 1890, U.S. Dept. Agr. Rpt. Ent. Com. 5, p. 265.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:3 (fraternum ).—Girault, 1907, Psyche 14:33.—Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins. fasc. 97, p. 485 (fraternum).—Girault, 1912, Bull. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc. 10:96.
Holcopelte fraterna (Fitch): Ashmead in Smith, 1900, Ins. N.J., p. 560.
Horismenus fraternus (Fitch): Viereck in Smith, 1910, Ins. N.J., p. 641.—Vie- reck, 1916, Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. Bull. 22, p. 458.—Dunnam, 1924, Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 220, p. 65.—Doner, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 29: 234.—Copenhafer and Parker, 1938, Jour. Kans. Ent. Soc. 11:46.—Glick, 1939, U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 673, p. 48.—Nickels, 1948, Jour. Econ. Ent. 41: 114.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.— Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 218.
Elachistus euplectri Howard in Riley, 1885, U.S. Dept. Agr. Rpt. 4, Ent. Com., Appendix, p. 108.—Cresson, 1887, Synopsis Hym. Amer. N. of Mex., p. 243.— Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:78. —Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 394 ( Elachertus). New synonymy.
Holcopelte euplectri (Howard): Ashmead, 1894, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, 21:342. —Ashmead in Smith, 1900, Ins. N.J., p. 560.—Schulz, 1906, Spol. Hym., p. 143.
Horismenus euplectri (Howard): Viereck, 1916, Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. Bull. 22, p. 458.—Britton, 1938, Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. Bull. 60, p. 144.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 217.
Holcopelte violacea Ashmead, 1887, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 14:200.—Dalla Torre, Cat. Hym. 5:29.—Bridwell, 1899, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. 16:206. New synonymy.
Horismenus violaceus (Ashmead): Marshall and Musgrave, 1937, Can. Ent. 69: 101.—Nickels, 1948, Jour. Econ. Ent. 41:114.—Beckham et al., 1950, Va. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bull. 114, p. 12—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 468.—Schaffner, 1959, U.S. Dept Agr. Misc. Pub. 767, p. 85. —Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 223.—Burks in Krombein and Burks, 1967, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Suppl. 2, p. 234.
Trichogramma? fraterna Fitch was described from an unknown num- ber of specimens. A single female type specimen is now preserved in
76 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
the U.S.N.M. collection. This is labeled, “5837, Fitch’s Type, From Fitch’s Collection, Type No. 1837 U.S.N.M. Trichogramma? West- wood, fraterna, Fitch, New York.” This specimen should be considered to be the lectotype if other type specimens are discovered elsewhere. E. euplectri Howard was described from 2 specimens. Lectotype ( 2 ), 41374 U.S.N.M., labeled, “2395°, Elachistus euplectri Howard ? E. A. S. coll.” Present designation of lectotype. H. violacea Ashmead was described from 3 specimens. Lectotype female, 41372 U.S.N.M., labeled, “Jacksonville, Fla., Holcopelte violacea Ashm.” Present designation of lectotype.
Distribution.—Conn. south to Fla. west to Wis., Iowa, Kans., and lex:
This is principally a secondary parasite of Lepidoptera, attacking braconid and chalcidoid primary parasites. It also has been reared, however, as a primary parasite from lepidopterous leafminers and other minute lepidopterous hosts.
Horismenus ignotus, n. sp.
Horismenus n. sp., Creighton, 1937, Jour. Econ. Ent. 30:595.
This species differs from all others in this genus in North America in having both the face and the median area of the propodeum sculptured rather than smooth and shining. It resembles productus Ashmead in having the legs beyond the coxae light yellow or white and in having an elongate, slender gaster.
Female.—Length, 2.0-2.5 mm. Shining black, sometimes with a metallic red- bronze luster on head, thoracic dorsum, propodeum, and basal gastral tergum; legs beyond coxae pale yellow or white; antennae and wing veins pale yellow. Body hairs noticeably long, legs hairy.
Face reticulated, genae smooth; parascrobal areas below frontal groove minutely reticulated; vertex minutely roughened, occiput more strongly so; temples smooth. Eyes with dense, short hair. Apex of antennal scape just surpassing frontal groove; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 70; first funicular seg- ment, 60; second, 50; third, 50; club, 100.
Entire thoracic dorsum shining, but faintly reticulated; lateral and apical mar- gins of scutellum somewhat irregular and poorly defined, formed of rows of flat- tened punctures; postscutellum with a pair of elongate, submedian, shagreened areas at base, apex smooth and shining. Propleuron, prepectus, and area of meso- pleuron ventral to base of forewing sculptured, rest of mesopleuron smooth; coxae minutely sculptured.
Propodeum lacking the usual narrow, smooth, longitudinal area, a rather broad, sculptured median area present instead, this limited laterally by a pair of paren- thesis-shaped carinae; a pair of large, shagreened areas at anterior margin of pro- podeum, between median figure and spiracles; posterior neck of propodeum also shagreened, elsewhere propodeum smooth and shining; spiracles minute, round; paraspiracular carinae wanting. Petiole wider than long, lacking the median, dor- sal, longitudinal carina; surface of petiole closely and minutely reticulated. Gaster slender, elongate, its length slightly greater than that of thorax and propodeum;
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first gastral tergum comprising 14 the dorsal length of gaster; posterior 14 of first gastral tergum sculptured on dorsum.
Male.—Unknown.
Type locality.— Gainesville, Florida.
Type.—U.S.N.M. catalog no. 70846.
Described from 51 female specimens. Type and 3 paratypes, Gaines- ville, Florida, reared from material of the palm leaf skeletonizer, Homaledra sabalella (Chambers), G. L. Creighton; 34 paratypes, Or- lando, Florida, reared May 2, 1914, from Homaledra sabalella on Thri- nax; 13 paratypes, Hammond, Louisiana, reared June 11, 1923, by H. F. Cassell, possibly from Homaledra sabalella.
Biological relationships.—This may be a primary parasite of the larva of the palm leaf skeletonizer, Homaledra sabalella (Chambers ).
Horismenus latrodecti, n. sp.
This species agrees with lixivorus Crawford in having the legs and the an- tennal scape dark and in having the funicular segments broad, slightly wider than long. They differ in that this species has the scutellum mostly smooth, rather than strongly reticulated, and the basal gastral tergum of this species comprises 1 the gaster, while it comprises only 14 of it in lixivorus.
Female.—Length, 1.5-1.8 mm. Shining black, without metallic luster; an- tennae brown; apices of femora, bases and apices of tibiae, and basal segments of tarsi white, legs otherwise dark brown to black; wing veins brown.
Face and genae smooth and shining; parascrobal areas below frontal groove shagreened; vertex reticulated, occiput and temples shagreened. Eyes densely hairy. Apex of antennal scape not quite reaching level of vertex; relative pro- portionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 50; first funicular segment, 30: second, 30; third, 30; club, 70.
Praescutum, scutum, and axillae lightly sculptured, scutellum smooth and _ shin- ing in median area, very faintly reticulated at lateral margins; lateral and apical scutellar grooves minutely crenulate; postscutellum with a pair of elongate, sub- median, shagreened areas at base, apex smooth and shining, propleuron reticu- lated, mesopleuron smooth and shining. All coxae smooth.
Propodeum smooth laterally and on narrow, elongate median area, the latter surrounded by a narrow shagreened area, this extending posteriorly to encircle apical neck of propodeum; propodeal spiracles small, oval, paraspiracular carinae present, but poorly defined anteriorly. Petiole as broad as long, its surface mi- nutely shagreened. Gaster as long as thorax, its apex acute; basal gastral tergum lightly sculptured apically and comprising basal % of gaster; apical terga more heavily sculptured than basal one and clothed with conspicuously white, short bristles.
Male.—Length, 0.7-1.3 mm. Apex of antennal scape just reaching level of vertex; relative proportionate lengths of parts of antenna—pedicel, 40; first fu- nicular segment, 30; second, 30; third, 30; fourth, 30; club, 50; petiole 114 times as long as wide; gaster 24 as long as thorax, basal gastral tergum very faintly or not at all sculptured at apex and comprising from 34 to %o of the gaster.
Type locality — Uvalde, Texas.
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Types.—Holotype (2 ) and paratypes, U.S.N.M. catalog no. 70844.
Described from 22 female and 9 male specimens reared at Uvalde, Texas, September 12, 1941, from an egg sac of the black widow spider, Latrodectus mactans ( Fabricius ), by H. M. Brundrett.
Biological relationships.—This is a secondary parasite. The egg sac from which the Horismenus specimens emerged contains puparia of chloropid flies that show emergence holes of parasites. The chloropid was undoubtedly the primary parasite; it probably was Pseudogaurax signatus (Loew).
Horismenus lixivorus (Crawford )
Horisemus lixivorus Crawford, 1907, Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 15:180.
Horismenus lixivorus (Crawford): Pierce, 1908, Jour. Econ. Ent. 1:385.—Pierce, 1910, Jour. Econ. Ent. 3:453.—Mitchell and Pierce, 1911, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 13:51.—Pierce et al., 1912, U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Ent. Bull. 100, p. 75.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 219.—Burks in Krombein and Burks, 1967, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Suppl. 2, p. 234.
When he described this species, Crawford undoubtedly spelled the generic name Horismenus as Horisemus only in error. The fact, how- ever, that he used that spelling along with the description of a valid species must, unfortunately, make Horisemus a published name, un- available for use again elsewhere in Zoological nomenclature. Neave (1939) lists Horisemus Crawford, 1907, in vol. II of Nomenclator Zoologicus as a published generic name.
H. lixivorus was described from an unstated number of male and fe- male specimens. There are now 5 type specimens in the U.S.N.M. Collection. Lectotype (2), U.S.N.M. 10046, labeled, “Hunter No. 1082, Par. Lixus musculus, P. 1906, p. V.11.a 10/16, Dallas, Tx., X.2.06.” Present designation of lectotype.
Distribution.—Tex., Ariz.
This is a primary parasite of curculionid beetles. It has been reared from Lixus perforatus LeConte, L. musculus Say, and L. scrobicollis Boheman. Mitchell and Pierce, 1911, loc. cit., have also recorded this species from Cylindrocopturus, but I have not been able to locate the material on which that record was based. Published records of this species from a lepidopterous leafminer (Proctor, 1935, and a later edi- tion) are based on a misidentification.
Horismenus microgaster (Ashmead)
Holcopelte microgaster Ashmead, 1888, Can. Ent. 20:102.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.
Horismenus microgastri (!) Burgess, 1906, Ohio Dept. Agr. Div. N. and O. L., Ann. Rpt. 4, p. 14.—Cotton, 1906, Ohio Dept. Agr., Div. N. and O. I., Bull. 7, p. 51.—Washburn, 1906, U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Ent. Bull. 60, p. 73.—Howard
PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971 79
and Chittenden, 1907, U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Ent. Cir. 96, p. 5.—Howard and Chittenden, 1916, U.S. Dept. Agr. F. Bull. 705, p. 5.
Horismenus microgaster (Ashmead): Crawford, 1907, Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 15: 180.—Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fasc. 97, p. 433.—Girault, 1911, Can. Ent. 43:407. —Proper, 1934, Jour. Agr. Res. 48:365.—Langford, 1937, Jour. Econ. Ent. 30:322.—Bissell, 1938, Jour. Econ. Ent. 31:536.—Procter, 1938, Biol. Surv. Mt. Des. Reg., p. 429.—Reinhart, 1938, Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 559, p. 31.—Summerland, 1938, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. 40:167.—Parker and Lamerson, 1939, Verh. VII Int. Cong. Ent. 4:2384.—Gould and Geissler, 1940, Jour. Econ. Ent. 33:815.—Schread et al., Conn. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 461, p. 492.—Whitcomb et al., 1943, Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 409, p. 8.—Procter, 1946, Biol. Surv. Mt. Des. Reg., p. 490.—Peck in Muesebeck, et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Beal, 1952, Duke Univ. For. Bull. 14, p. 29.— Hill and Hough, 1957, Va. Agr. Expt. Sta. Tech. Bull. 130, p. 16—Schaffner, 1959, U.S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Pub. 767, p. 85.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 220.—Burks in Krombein and Burks, 1967, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Suppl. 2, p. 234.
Pediobioidea cyanea Webster, 1909, Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 102, p. 207 (ms. name ). —Girault, 1911, Can. Ent. 43:407 (syn. under Horismenus microgaster when described ).
Pseudomphale ancylae Girault, 1916, Ent. News 27:223.—Leach, 1916, U.S. Dept. Agr. Dept. Bull. 435, p. 11. New synonymy.
Horismenus ancylae (Girault): Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.
It is debatable whether or not the name Pediobioidea cyanea Girault should be listed in the bibliography. In his 1911 paper Girault states that he gave this name to Webster in 1909 and that Webster used it in a paper. (In Webster's paper the name was accompanied only by host records, so it was not validated.) After 1909, Girault realized that cyanea was a synonym of Horismenus microgaster, and he did not pub- lish a description of cyanea. Instead, in his 1911 paper, Girault listed Pediobioidea cyanea as a synonym of Horismenus microgaster and gave a lengthy description of microgaster, being careful to state that this description was drawn not from the type of microgaster but from the specimens on which he had intended to base the description of Pedio- bioidea cyanea. Thus Girault certainly came as near as he possibly could to describing a new genus and species while stating that he was not doing it.
H. microgaster Ashmead was described from a single male specimen; the type is U.S.N.M. 12205. P. ancylae Girault was described from 1 male and 1 female specimens. Lectotype (?), 20131 U.S.N.M., la- beled, “Winchester, Va., 1V—10-1915, Reared from Ancylus nubeculana, Quaintance No. 7867, B. R. Leach Coll.” Specimen on a point, but head and one pair of wings mounted on a slide. Present designation of lectotype. No types were designated for the stillborn P. cyanea Gir-
80 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 73, NO. 1, MARCH, 1971
ault, although Webster's original material is preserved in the U.S.N.M. collection. Distribution.—Maine south to N.C., west to Iowa, Kans., and Tex. This is a common secondary parasite of Lepidoptera, attacking ichneumonoid and chalcidoid primary parasites. It also has been reared, apparently as a primary parasite, from lepidopterous leafminers and other minute Lepidoptera.
Horismenus missouriensis (Ashmead )
Holcopelte missouriensis Ashmead, 1888, Can. Ent. 20:101. Cat. Hym. 5:28.
Horismenus missouriensis (Ashmead): Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 433.—Girault, 1934, Mir. et Hym. Nova Austr., p. 3.—Bissell, 1938, Jour. Econ. Ent. 31:536.—Brimley, 1938, Ins. N. C., p. 424.—Brett, 1946, Jour. Agr. Res. 73:84.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467. —Burks in Krombein et al., 1958, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Suppl. 1, p. 68.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 221.
Holcopelte popenoei Ashmead, 1888, Can. Ent. 20:101—Wickham, 1895, Bull. Iowa Lab. Nat. Hist. 3:35.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.—Bridwell, 1899, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. 16:206.
Horismenus popenoei (Ashmead): Quaintance, 1907, U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Ent. Bull. 68, p. 29.—Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 433.—Viereck, 1916, Bull. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. 22, p. 458—Gahan, 1930, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 77(8):8.—Girault, 1934, Mir. et Hym. Nova Austr., p. 3 (syn. of missouriensis )—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 221.
Dalla Torre, 1898,
H. missouriensis Ashmead was described from 2 female specimens. Lectotype (2), U.S.N.M. 41369, labeled, “Missouri, Holcopelte mis- souriensis Ashm. Type.” Present designation of lectotype. Only this specimen can at present be located in the collection, but the other type specimen may be found later. Consequently it seems best to designate a lectotype. H. popenoei Ashmead was described from 4 female spec- imens. Lectotype (2), U.S.N.M. 41370, labeled, “Mar. 15, Riley Co., F. Marlatt, 149, 1274.” Present designation of lectotype.
Distribution.—N.Y. south to Ga., west to S. Dak., Kans. and Okla.
This is a primary parasite of bruchids, having been reared from Acanthoscelides, Amblycerus, Gibbobruchus, and “Bruchus sp.”
Horismenus nitens ( Howard)
Holcopelte nitens Howard, 1892, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 2:298.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.
Horismenus nitens (Howard): Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 433.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.— Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 221.
H. nitens Howard was described from 2 male and 5 female speci- mens; these specimens are still in the U.S.N.M. collection, but all are
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more or less broken. Lectotype (2), U.S.N.M. 2686, labeled, “Wash- ington, D.C., Epeira, Holcopelte nitens How. 2 type.” Present des- ignation of lectotype.
Distribution —D.C.
This is a secondary parasite in the egg sacs of epeirid spiders.
Horismenus productus ( Ashmead )
Holcopelte producta Ashmead, 1894, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 21:342.—Town- send, 1895, Can. Ent. 27:277.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.—Cockerell, 1899, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. 16:214.
Horismenus productus (Ashmead): Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 433.—Crawford, 1911, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 40:446—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30,
aaa.
H. producta Ashmead was described from “several” specimens of both sexes. There are now 12, 33 type specimens in the U.S.N.M. collection. Lectotype (2), U.S.N.M. 2184, labeled, “N. Mex.” Present designation of lectotype.
Distribution.—Tex., N. Mex., Ariz., Calif.
This is a primary parasite of bruchids. It has been reared from Mimosestes amicus (Horn), Algarobius prosopis (LeConte), Acantho- scelides horni (Pic), and an undetermined bruchid in Astragalus.
Horismenus sardus ( Walker )
Entendon (Horismenus) sardus Walker, 1847, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 20:23. —Cresson, 1862, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 1:231.
Entedon sardus Walker: Howard, 1885, U.S. Dept. Agr. Bull. Div. Ent. 5, p. 47. —Cresson, 1887, Synopsis Hym. Amer. N. of Mex., p. 245.
Encyrtus sardus (Walker): Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:263.—Schmiede- knecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 246.
Pseudomphale sardus (Walker): Girault, 1918, Ent. News 29:130.
Horismenus sardus (Walker): Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 468.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 222.
Elachristus (!) flavipes Ashmead, 1886, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 13:133.—Cresson, 1887, Synopsis Hym. Amer. N. of Mex., p. 244 (Elachistus). New synonymy.
Holcopelte flavipes (Ashmead): Ashmead, 1887, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 14:200. —Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:28.
Horismenus flavipes (Ashmead): Schmiedeknecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fasc. 97, p. 432.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.— Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 218.
E. sardus was apparently described from one female specimen from “North America.” A single 2 type specimen, in good condition, is now in the British Museum (Natural History) collection and is labeled, “Sardus, Type, Horismenus sardus Walk. Type, G. J. Kerrich.” E. flavipes Ashmead was described from one female specimen. The type is U.S.N.M. 41373.
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Horismenus texanus (Girault)
Pseudomphale texana Girault, 1917 (1916), Ins. Ins. Mens. 4:120.
Horismenus texanus (Girault): Gahan, 1933, U.S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Pub. 174, p. 128.—Allen and Painter, 1937, Jour. Agr. Res. 55:225.—Britton, 1938, Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Sur. Bull. 60, p. 144.—Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 468.—Nikolskaya, 1952, Chalcid Fauna USSR, p. 268.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 222.
P. texana Girault was described from one female specimen. Type, U.S.N.M. 20661. Specimen badly damaged, with fragmentary parts mounted on a slide and remains of thorax and abdomen on a card point.
Distribution —Conn. south to Ga. and La., west to Iowa, Kans., Tex., N. Mex., and Ariz.
This is a primary parasite of small Diptera living in the stems of grasses. It has been reared from the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), the wheat stem maggot, Meromyza americana Fitch, and the otitid Eumetopiella rufipes (Macquart). Specimens have also been reared from grasses without a clear indication of their hosts, but the hosts were probably dipterous.
EXCLUDED SPECIES
Galeopsomyia haemon (Walker), n. comb.
Tetrastichus haemon Walker, 1847, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 20:28——Howard, 1885, U.S. Bur. Ent. Bull. 5, p. 47 [laemon].—Cresson, 1887, Synopsis Hym. Amer. N. of Mex., p. 245.—Dalla Torre, 1898, Cat. Hym. 5:16.—Schmiede- knecht, 1909, Gen. Ins., fase. 97, p. 475.
Horismenus haemon (Walker): Burks, 1943, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 93:605.— Peck in Muesebeck et al., 1951, U.S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, p. 467.—Peck, 1963, Can. Ent. Suppl. 30, p. 219.
In 1938, when I was working on a revision of the North American species of Tetrastichus, I requested information about the type of Tetrastichus haemon Walker from Ch. Ferriére, who was at that time at the British Museum. The information he sent to me led me to be- lieve that haemon was a Horismenus. Unfortunately, that is incorrect, and haemon actually belongs in Galeopsomyia Girault, according to recent information sent to me by G. J. Kerrich. Accordingly I am here transferring haemon to Galeopsomyia. It may be the same species as G. columbiana (Ashmead), 1888, although specific differences in the genus Galeopsomyia have not yet been worked out. T. haemon was de- scribed from 4 specimens from Florida; I here designate the lectotype. It is a female specimen, deposited in the British Museum (Natural History) type collection, and is labeled “haemon” in Walker's hand and “Type CF 1938.” There are 3 other specimens of haemon in the main B. M. collection, a female and 2 males.
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REFERENCES
Ashmead, W. H. 1904. Classification of the chalcid flies. Mem. Carnegie Mus. 1(4) :225—551.
Boucek, Z. 1965. Studies of European Eulophidae, IV. Acta Ent. Mus. Nat. Prag. 36:5—90.
Burks, B. D. 1943. The North American parasitic wasps of the genus Tetra- stichus. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 93:505-608.
1966. The North American species of Pediobius Walker. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 68( 1) :33—44.
Cresson, E. T. 1887. Synopsis of the Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Philadelphia, 351 p.
Graham, M. W. R. deV. 1959. Keys to the British genera and species of Elachertinae, Eulophinae, Entedontinae, and Euderinae. Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent. 13(10) :169-204.
Neave, S. A. 1939. Nomenclator Zoologicus, vol. Il. London, 1025 p.
Peck, O. 1951. In C. F. W. Muesebeck et al., U. S. Dept. Agr. Monog. 2, Chalcidoidea, p. 410-594.
Procter, W. 1938. Biological Survey of the Mt. Desert Region, pt. VI. Phila- delphia, 496 p.
Walker, F. 1846. List of the specimens of Hymenopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1.—Chalcidites. British Museum, London, 100 p.
NORTH AMERICAN DELTOCEPHALINE LEAFHOPPERS OF THE GENUS AMBLYSELLUS SLEESMAN (HoMopTERA: CICADELLIDAE )
JaMes P. Kramer, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture!
ABSTRACT—The North American genus Amblysellus Sleesman is redefined to include seven species: A. curtisii (Fitch); A. wyomus, n. sp.; A. durus (Beamer and Tuthill), n. comb.; A. valens (Beamer and Tuthill), n. comb.; A. dorsti (Oman), n. comb.; A. punctatus (Osborn and Ball), n. comb.; and A. grex (Oman), n. comb. All species are keyed and redescribed with all critical diag- nostic features illustrated. New distributional records and host plant data are
included.
The genus Amblysellus Sleesman has been long defined on the basis of the only included species, Amblycephalus curtisii Fitch, a common eastern North American deltocephaline leafhopper. A study of Delto- cephalus Burmeister, Amblysellus and 16 related North American
1 Mail address: c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. 20560.
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genera, including over 100 species, with the common character of a linear connective fused with the aedeagus, has convinced me _ that many of the presently accepted generic definitions, based heavily on the venation of the forewings, are neither inclusive nor exclusive. This paper is one of a series in which realignments and new definitions will be proposed for this group of deltocephaline leafhoppers.
Amblysellus, as here defined, includes seven species. Five of these were formally in Deltocephalus, and one is new. Except for curtisii, all of the species are western in distribution. Little is known concern- ing true host and/or food plants, but all are likely grass feeders.
Amblysellus Sleesman
Amblysellus Sleesman, 1929:93. Type-species: Amblycephalus curtisii Fitch, 1851:61.
Revised description. Moderately small (2.2-3.8 mm) and comparatively robust leafhoppers; head including eyes as wide as or slightly wider than pronotum; crown produced beyond eyes and acute to bluntly angular at apex; anterior mar- gin of crown broadly and smoothly rounded to face, crown in lateral view slightly inflated or not, marginal ocelli small and rather remote from eyes, clypeal suture obscure, clypellus quadrate with sides parallel. Forewings long and extending well beyond apex of abdomen or shortened and exposing apex of abdomen; in forms with shortened forewings, the apical cells and each appendix are much re- duced and at times nearly absent. Forewing usually with three anteapical cells; inner cell open or closed basally; central cell divided or not; outer cell normal, reduced or sometimes absent.
Male genitalia. Connective linear and fused with aedeagus; aedeagus in lateral view essentially transverse with distal portion of shaft obliquely upturned or shaft greatly elongated and smoothly upturned distally, extreme aedeagal apex elongated oval capitate (except durus), with finlike, hoodlike, or lanceolate processes near and extending beyond ventral margin of aedeagus (except curtisii), gonopore sub- apical and visible in ventral aspect at base of variously developed cleft or slit, extreme apex of aedeagus in dorsal view usually open on distal margin; style in dorsal view with mesal lobe moderately long, stout, and marginally irregular and lateral lobe rather short, broad, and blunt.
Diagnosis. Amblysellus can be separated from all other North American leaf- hoppers with a fused linear connective and aedeagus by the following combina- tion of characters: aedeagus obliquely upturned distally with extreme apex en- larged and irregularly oval (except durus), with finlike, hoodlike, or lanceolate processes near and extending beyond ventral margin (except curtisii), gonopore subapical on ventral margin at base of variously developed cleft or notch; style in dorsal view with mesal lobe moderately long, stout, and marginally irregular and lateral lobe short, broad, and blunt. Forewings not appearing reticulate due to extra crossveins.
Key TO THE NorTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF Amblysellus
1. Aedeagus without a clearly defined finlike, hoodlike, or lanceolate process near andwextending, beyond: ventral: margin ee ee 2
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Aedeagus with a clearly defined finlike, hoodlike, or lanceolate process near
and extendine beyond ventral margin: 2) 2 3 2. Forewings brown with veins yellowish green, strongly contrasting; mark- ings Of Crown and pronotum) as in fig, ] = eurtisii (Fitch) Forewings reddish brown with veins concolorous, not contrasting; markings Of crown ang: pronotum asin figs 8 2. wyomus, n. sp. 3. Processes closer to base of aedeagus than to apex of aedeagus — 4 Processes closer to apex of aedeagus than to base of aedeagus — 5 4. Process hoodlike and broad, aedeagal shaft narrow and greatly elongated (ig vee IRC) keel ae Sat oe ee _ Sie rE durus (Beamer & Tuthill)
Process lanceolate and acute, aedeagal shaft not as above (fig. 21) — Smee nls se SANE 8G Se 5 ee ee valens (Beamer & Tuthill) 5. Aedeagus without a long neckline area between ventral process and oval
apicalmancam (hie cone eerie A ao oe a dorsti (Oman) Aedeagus with a long necklike area between ventral process and oval apical ELT Gotan ere PE i 6
6. Ventral process broad basally and finely serrated on distal margin (fig. 36); mesal lobe of style not clearly expanded near middle (figs. 39-40) — Se a NS eS aN es punctatus (Osborn & Ball) Ventral process narrow basally and coarsely serrated laterally and distally (fig. 44); mesal lobe of style strongly expanded near middle (figs. 42-43) NUNN rade PUSAN Schr rats Ek Ea A ee Re grex (Oman)
Amblysellus curtisii ( Fitch ) (Figs. 1-7)
Amblycephalus curtisii Fitch, 1851:61. Amblysellus curtisii (Fitch): Sleesman, 1929:131.
Length. Male 3.0-3.5 mm. Female 3.2—3.6 mm.
Structure. Crown varying from bluntly angular to acute at apex in dorsal view (fig. 1). Forewings long and extending well beyond abdomen (macropterous forms) or shortened and exposing at least a portion of the genital segment (sub- macropterous forms). Inner anteapical cell rarely closed basally, usually open; central anteapical cell undivided; outer anteapical cell rarely normal, usually much reduced, or entirely absent. Apical cells moderately long to distinctly short- ened. Appendix small.
Coloration. Venter of abdomen and thorax dark fuscus to black and variably paler at segmental margins; legs pale brown to stramineous, all femora, except apices, and hind tibiae infuscated to blackened; face stramineous to pale yellow- ish green with all sutures, clypeal arcs above level of antennae, margins of clypeus below level of antennae, portions of genae under eyes and base of antennae, and most of clypellus broadly infuscated or blackened, darkened clypeal arcs often fused to form an irregular blotch, markings on lower portion of face considered together form an irregular “Y” with stalk on clypellus and an arm under each eye; crown, pronotum, and scutellum with same ground color as face and marked with fuscus to black (fig. 1), small spots at extreme coronal apex often reduced or absent, darkened portion of posterior pronotal margin variable, at times nearly absent; forewings brown or brown hyaline with veins strongly yellowish green, apical veins often concolorous with brown ground color.
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curtisil
Figs. 1-7. Amblysellus curtisii (Fitch): 1, head and thoracic dorsum; 2, style in dorsal view; 3, distal portion of style in lateral view; 4, aedeagal apex in dorsal view; 5, distal portion of aedeagus in lateral view; 6, distal portion of aedeagus in ventral view; 7, aedeagus and connective in lateral view.
Male genitalia. Aedeagus in lateral view (fig. 7) with shaft narrowed distally and obliquely upturned, extreme apical portion (fig. 5) elongated and oval. Gonopore below apex on venter of shaft (fig. 6). Aedeagal apex in dorsal view (fig. 4) usually slightly cleft. Style in dorsal view (fig. 2) with mesal lobe stout and irregular along inner margin. Mesal lobe of style in lateral view (fig. 3) with a blunt tooth near apex.
Female genitalia. Pregenital sternum with lateral margins narrowly rounded and obliquely directed mesad thus exposing underlying sclerites, posterior margin concave on middle third and at times with a vaguely defined broad blunt tooth at center of concavity.
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Records. The type locality is [Salem?], New York. My confirmed rec- ords: CONNECTICUT, Stamford; DELAWARE), Wilmington; DIS- TRICT OF COLUMBIA, Washington; ILLINOIS, Algonquin, Carbon- dale, Elgin, Urbana; IOWA, Ames, Fairfax, Iowa City; KANSAS, Cherokee Co., Douglas Co.; MAINE, Portland; MARYLAND, Belts- villee MASSACHUSETTS, Chicopee, Monterey, Northboro, Waverly; MICHIGAN, East Lansing; MINNESOTA, Brandon; MISSOURI, Co- lumbia; NEW HAMPSHIRE, Bath; NEW YORK, Ithaca, Lancaster, Remsen, Salem, West Nyack; OHIO, Barberton, Columbus, Delaware, Salineville; ONTARIO, Toronto, Vineland; PENNSYLVANIA, Echo Lake, Hazelton; VERMONT, Jay, Newport, Wells River, Woodstock; VIRGINIA, Arlington, Bluemont; WEST VIRGINIA, Randolph Co., Upshur Co.; WISCONSIN, Madison, Osceola.
Notes. The strongly bicolored forewings provide an easy basis for separating curtisii from its congeners; but the aedeagus of curtisii strongly resembles that of wyomus; compare fig. 7 and fig. 13. This is the only member of the genus known east of the Mississippi River, but the species is known as far west as the Dakotas, Nebraska, and Kan- sas. Even though curtisii is recorded for some southern states, Georgia and South Carolina, it appears to be most abundant in the northern part of its range. Recorded plant associations include bluegrass mead- ows, small grains, and legumes.
Amblysellus wyomus, n. sp.
(Figs. 8-13)
Length. Male 2.8-3.0 mm. Female 2.9-3.1 mm.
Structure. Crown bluntly angular at apex in dorsal view (fig. 8). Forewings long and extending just beyond abdomen (macropterous forms) or much short- ened and entirely exposing genital and pregenital segments and middle portion of preceding abdominal segment with apical cells and each appendix greatly re- duced (submacropterous forms). Inner anteapical cell usually closed basally; central anteapical cell not divided; outer anteapical cell normal, open basally, or reduced.
Coloration. Venter of abdomen dark fuscus to black, edges of segments variably paler or not; venter of thorax and legs reddish brown with tibiae and tarsi at times slightly darker; face reddish brown with clypeal arcs darkened; crown, pronotum, and scutellum reddish brown with four small dark spots along an- terior margin of crown (fig. 8), lateral pair of spots often obscure or wanting; forewings reddish brown hyaline with veins concolorous, cells distally often darker; dorsum of abdomen dark fuscus to black with pregenital segment variably white or yellowish.
Male genitalia. Aedeagus in lateral view (fig. 13) with a weakly developed broad fin (actually paired structures but only one visible in lateral view) ven- trally at base of long obliquely upturned distal shaft; extreme apex irregularly elongated oval. Apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view (fig. 10) with gono- pore at base of elongated slit; apex of aedeagus in dorsal view (fig. 12) cleft;
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wyomus
Figs. 8-13. Amblysellus wyomus, n. sp.: 8, head and thoracic dorsum; 9 style in dorsal view; 10, apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view; 11, distal por- tion of style in lateral view; 12, aedeagal apex in dorsal view; 13, aedeagus and connective in lateral view.
style in dorsal view (fig. 9) with mesal lobe slightly expanded on lateral margin and lateral lobe broad and blunt; mesal lobe of style in lateral view (fig. 11) with a tooth near apex on irregular ventral margin.
Female genitalia. Posterior margin of pregenital sternum appearing transverse to slightly concave.
Records. Holotype male (USNM type no. 70813) and allotype fe- male, nine miles east of Laramie, Wyoming, 8,600 ft., 16 August 1968, P. W. Oman. Six male and six female paratypes with same data; one female paratype Hamilton, Montana, 19 July 1949, R. H. Beamer.
Notes. This species is distinctive on the easily observed coloration
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durus
re ys
Figs. 14-19. Amblysellus durus (Beamer and Tuthill): 14, head and thoracic dorsum; 15, style in dorsal view; 16, distal portion of style in lateral view; 17, apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view; 18, aedeagal apex in dorsal view; 19, aedeagus and connective in lateral view.
SKOnES
as well as on the unique features of the aedeagus. The reddish brown head, thorax, and forewings contrast rather sharply with the dark fus- cus to black abdomen. In the short winged forms, dorsally, the pale pregenital segment is striking. The aedeagus of wyomus is most similar to that of curtisii, but the styles are different. The coloration and dis- tribution are entirely dissimilar in the two species. No plant associa- tions are known for wyomus.
Amblysellus durus (Beamer and Tuthill), 1. comb. (Figs. 14-19)
Deltocephalus durus Beamer and Tuthill, 1934:20.
Length. Male. 2.8-3.2 mm. Female 3.1-3.6 mm.
Structure. Crown bluntly angular at apex in dorsal view (fig. 14). Forewings shortened and exposing dorsum of genital segment and often much of pregenital segment (submacropterous forms). Inner anteapical cell rarely open basally, usu- ally closed; central anteapical cell usually undivided; outer anteapical cell not re- duced. Apical cells shortened; appendix small. Macropterous forms unknown.
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Coloration. Venter of abdomen and thorax pale brown and variably infuscated or blackened, often appearing largely dark but always at least edges of segments paler; legs pale brown and variably infuscated, never appearing entirely fuscus; face pale brown to sordid stramineous with clypeal arcs, upper edges of genae, and central portion of clypellus variably infuscated or blackened, markings on clypeal arcs often fused but with central area of clypeus below level of antennae unmarked; crown, pronotum, and scutellum pale brown marked with black and various shades of brown (fig. 14), longitudinal stripes on pronotum often vague; forewings light brown hyaline with veins sordid whitish and cells variably in- fuscated.
Male